請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題      Some economists have pointed out that in a knowledge-based economy, the most valuablecommodity is not information, but attention. Michael Goldhaber (1997) proposed that we are not so muchliving in an information economy, as in an attention economy, where value is created from the exchangeof attention and “[w]hat matters is seeking, obtaining and paying attention.” Digital media and the internetfacilitate participation in this economy, by creating new channels for distributing attention. In order to getattention, you have to give attention; otherwise, your audience will lose interest and take their attentionelsewhere. This is an important point for advertisers, especially those launching social media campaigns.The emphasis is on developing new kinds of relationships with customers, and in many cases, movingtowards engaging customers in the design of products for themselves.    Goldhaber notes that some people (he calls them “stars”) are better at attracting attention than others(he calls them “fans”). Stars are able to command more attention partly because they pay illusory attentionto fans; that is, they give the illusion of personal attention even though they are addressing a large audience.Goldhaber illustrates this concept with the example of a presenter at a conference, who, while talking to alarge crowd, makes eye contact with individuals in that crowd. In digital media, social media tools likeTwitter and Facebook provide opportunities to pay illusory attention.    If you accept the idea of an attention economy with attention as the valued commodity, then you haveto adjust your ways of thinking about certain concepts. For example, our traditional way of thinking ofprivacy as freedom from the public gaze is not especially appropriate for people participating in anattention economy. People have to be “out there” in order to attract attention. In addition, intellectualproperty laws that forbid people from copying and distributing a creator’s work also seem out of place.This kind of copying and distributing draws attention to the creator, thus increasing their “wealth” in theattention economy. In other words, wealth comes not from the exchange of “intellectual property,” butfrom the exchange of attention.

【題組】37 Which of the following is mentioned as a traditional practice that needs to be questioned in theattention economy?
(A) Handwriting letters with respect.
(B) Guarding one’s privacy.
(C) Advertising openly.
(D) Multitasking at work.