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• 10. Fossil evidence indicates that horses have gradually increased in size over geologic time. Which
• 11. A rapid method of speciation that has been important in the history of flowering plants is(A) ge
• 12. A taxon, all of whose members have the same common ancestor, is(A) paraphyletic..(B) polyphyleti
• 13. Which of the following is an important source of endotoxin in gram-negative species?(A) endospor
• 14. Which of the following use light energy to synthesize organic compounds from CO2?(A) photoautotr
• 15. Which of these statements about dinoflagellates is false?(A) They possess two flagella.(B) Some
• 16. Plant spores are produced directly by(A) sporophytes.(B) gametes.(C) gametophytes(D) gametangia
• 17. Which of the following most closely represents the male gametophyte of seed-bearing plants?(A) o
• 18. What is the primary role of a mushroom's underground mycelium?(A) absorbing nutrients.(B) a
• 19. Cephalization is most closely associated with which of the following?(A) sedentary lifestyle.(B)
• 20. Generally, members of which flatworm class(es) are nonparasitic?(A) Turbellaria.(B) Trematoda.(C
• 21. What is a distinctive feature of the chondrichthyans?(A) an amniotic egg.(B) unpaired fins.(C) a
• 22. Land plants are composed of all the following tissue types except(A) mesodermal.(B) epidermal.(C
• 23. A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the mostpro
• 24. What soil(s) is(are) the most fertile?(A) humus only.(B) loam only.(C) silt only(D) both humus a
• 25. In flowering plants, pollen is released from the(A) anther.(B) stigma.(C) carpel(D) filament
• 26. According to modern ideas about phototropism in plants(A) light causes auxin to accumulate on th
• 27. According to modern ideas about phototropism in plants(A) many densely-packed cells without an e
• 28. Foods eaten by animals are most often composed largely of macromolecules. This requires theanima
• 29. Which sequence of blood flow can be observed in either a reptile or a mammal?(A) left ventricle
• 30. Where are semilunar valves to be found in the mammalian heart?(A) where blood goes from atria to
• 31. Histamines trigger dilation of nearby blood vessels, and increase in their permeability. Which o
• 32. Which of the following cell types are responsible for initiating a secondary immune response?(A)
• 33. Which of the following nitrogenous wastes requires hardly any water for its excretion?(A) amino
• 34. Materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate by which of the following processes?(A) fi