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Sugar fermentation by S. mutans. Summary pathways of glycolysis via the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (black), lactate fermentation (blue), and mixed-acid fermentation (red) are shown. The sugars that enter glycolysis are phosphorylated as they enter the cell when transported via the phosphotransferase system. Depending on sugars available and oxygen levels, cells may produce lactate only or lactate as well as formate, acetate, and ethanol.來源：Oral Microbiology andImmunology, R.J. Lamont, OxfordUniversity Press, 2e, p. 116