Passage 2
[A] Jane Goodall graduated from Uplands Private School in 1950 and received her advanced study
certificate in 1952. She fantasized about traveling to Africa to observe the behavior of exotic animals,
so at the age of 18, she worked as a secretary and also part-time at a London-based documentary film
company with an eye toward financing her trip. Goodall was invited by a childhood friend to Kenya,
where she was introduced to Louis Leakey, a famed anthropologist. Leakey hired Goodall as his
secretary and despite her lack of formal scientific training, invited her on his expedition to study the
vervet monkey in its natural habitat on an island near Lake Victoria. Known as the Gombe Stream
Reserve project, it marked Goodall's first observations of chimps in the wild. However, she was able
to get no closer than 500 yards before the chimps fled. After finding another group of chimps to
follow, she was able to establish a non-threatening presence and begin observation. Amazingly,
within only one year, the chimps allowed her to venture as close as 30 feet from their feeding area.
[B] Jane Goodall's research at the Gombe Stream Reserve spans 50 years and has contributed a lot to
the scientific understanding of chimpanzee behavior. Her work led to the publication of five major
books and numerous articles. She also corrected some mistaken ideas along the way, such as the
belief that chimpanzees ate an exclusively vegetarian diet, when she observed chimps killing and
eating large insects, birds, and termites. Her innovative field methods included constant contact and
observation. This led to the discovery that chimps have a complex social system and a
communication system which closely resembles a primitive language with more than 20 distinct
sounds. Goodall also developed the highly innovative banana club feeding method, a systematic
approach in which she would appear each day at the same time on high ground. Gradually, she
decreased the distance between herself and the chimps as she left bananas behind. Using this method,
she became closely acquainted with most of the primates at the reserve. She imitated their behavior,
ate their food, and even spent time in trees.
[C] Once lacking in scientific and academic training, Goodall has a lot of credentials now. In 1965,
she received her PhD from Cambridge University. Her doctoral dissertation, Behavior of the
Free-Ranging Chimpanzee, chronicled her first five years at the Gombe Stream Reserve. This
courageous pioneer has persistently challenged scientists to redefine long-held beliefs about the
differences between human beings and other primates. Since the mid-1980s, Jane Goodall has been
devoted to increasing public awareness of the endangered habitat of chimpanzees and their unethical
treatment in scientific experiments.
(Adapted from "An Extraordinary Scientist," by William Ryan: Ivy Leapue English Magazine, March 2014)
【題組】41. How was Goodall's research received by the scientific community?
(A) Her approach was conventional and yielded no new information.
(B) Her unconventional methods were thought of as amateur.
(C) Her unconventional methods brought many of her conclusions into question.
(D) Her methods were unconventional and yielded a lot of new and valuable information.