Part 3. Please read the following article and answer the following questions |source: Modified from Nature December 18(2020) ]       Moderna's vaccine works in the same way as the one produced by Pfizer and BioNTech. Both consist of RNA moleculesencased in lipid nanoparticles. The RNA in both vaccines encodes a slightly modified form of the SARS-CoV-2 protein known asspike, which enables the virus to infect human cells.        Once taken up by cells. the RNA is used to produce the protein, which then triggers an immune responsc. The RNA does notenter the nucleus where the cell's genom me resides, and is degraded by the cell within a day of the injection.Like Pfizer's vaccine. Moderna's seems to be highly effective -- about 94% ㅡ at preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections.Its safety profile is also similar to Pfizer's. with fatigue. headaches and pain at the site of injection among the most often cited side effects.       Since the Pfizer vaccine was rolled out in the United Kingdom and the United States, there have been occasional reports ofrecipients experiencing severe allergic reactions called anaphylaxis after being injected. There have been no signs of such reactionsso far in the Moderna trial. which excluded people who have had anaphylactic reactions to previous vaccines, but not those withother allergies, such as reactions to food.         The two vaccines differ in the composition of the lipid nanoparticle that encases the RNA. and Moderna's formulation allows thevaccine to be stored at higher temperature than Pfizer's. which must be kept at -70 ℃. Modemna's vaccine can be stored in a -20℃ freezer for 6 months, and at about 4℃ for 30 days. This promises to streamline the logistics of deploying the vaccine.particularly in rural areas and in countries with limited health-care infrastructure.effects.
【題組】10. Spike protein enables the vaccine to be taken up by cells. (3%)
(A) True
(B) False
(C) Not mentioned in the article