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• 3. In mitochondrial electron transport, what is the direct role of O2?(A)to provide the driving forc
• 4. Imagine protein X, destined to span the plasma membrane； assume the mRNAcarrying the genetic mess
• 1 After winning the lottery, the life of this poor woman has turned from _____ to riches.(A) rags (B
• 6. Consider this pathway: epinephrine → G protein‐coupled receptor → G protein→ adenylyl cyclase → c
• 8. The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase duringoxidative phosphoryla
• 9. Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons duringphotosynthesis?
• 5. Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?(A)bacterial cell(B)phagocytic white blood cell(C
• 10. In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to_______ (A)carbon fixation.(B)oxidative pho
• 7. Which of the following occurs during apoptosis?(A)release of proteases outside the cell(B)lysis o
• 11. Which of the following is a true statement?(A)Anabolic pathways build molecules, require energy,
• 12. In the cell cycle, which of the following occurs during S phase?(A)separation of sister chromati
• 14. Asexual reproduction __________.(A)is limited to plants(B)requires both meiosis and mitosis(C)le
• 15. What number and types of chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell?(A)21 autosomes and 2 sex
• 16. For what purpose(s) might a karyotype be prepared?(A)for prenatal screening, to determine if a f
• 17. In tigers, a recessive allele of a particular gene causes both an absence of furpigmentation (a
• 13. Cells will usually divide if they receive the proper signal at a checkpoint in whichphase of the
• 18. Which of the following do you expect if an individual is heterozygous for thesickle‐cell trait?(
• 19. Hemochromatosis is an inherited disease caused by a recessive allele. If a womanand her husband,
• 20. In his work with pneumonia‐causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that______(A)the protein co
• 21. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis(A)depends on the action of DNA polymer
• 22. The spontaneous loss of amino groups from adenine in DNA results inhypoxanthine, an uncommon bas
• 23. Which of the following is true of a codon?(A)It never codes for the same amino acid as another c
• 24. In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until_______(A)the DNA introns are removed from
• 25. Which of the following tools of DNA technology is incorrectly paired with its use?(A)reverse tra
• 26. Animals that possess homologous structures probably __________.(A)have increased genetic diversi