五、閱讀測驗  36 至 39 題為題組        Nowadays, people are so familiar with the number of keys on a piano, 88, that it seems to have become common sense.Indeed, the most common number of keys is 88, more specifically 52 white keys (the naturals) and 36 black keys (thesharps and flats). Yet, not all pianos are equipped with the same number of keys on their keyboard. In fact, the majority ofthe older pianos are somewhat smaller than modern ones, and they have only 85 keys. Meanwhile, some manufacturersthink bigger and have produced pianos with a number of extra keys. For example, Bösendorfer makes a piano with nineadditional keys, consisting of five white keys and four black keys. The keyboard then ranges over the whole eight octaves.The piano often has a lid that can cover the extra keys if the pianist isn’t used to playing on a piano like that, or the extrakeys can be of different color. Another manufacturer, Stuart and Sons makes a piano with 102 keys. Here, the extra keysare not different from the regular ones visually. The number of keys can head in the other direction though. Pianomanufacturer Schoenhut specializes in producing tiny pianos with 44 or 49 keys. This version of piano is very popular withaspiring pianists who enjoy all the perks of having this instrument in a house not so spacious.        Another version of this instrument worth mentioning is Emánuel Moór Pianoforte. The most distinctive part of thispiano is the fact that it comes with double keyboards. Emánuel Moór (1863-1931), a Hungarian composer and pianist,devised this weird yet intriguing instrument. Its keyboard is split into two levels, one above the other. Typically, the lowerone has the regular 88 keys, and the upper one, slightly smaller, contains just 76 keys. Playing it is also a brand-newexperience. When a key on the upper is pressed, the mechanism within the instrument would play the matching key on thelower keyboard, just an octave higher. This mechanism proves to be an advantage because it allows the pianist to reach twooctaves with one hand, which couldn’t be achieved when playing the regular piano. It also makes playing complex pieces(originally composed for double manual harpsichord) possible, since playing them on a single keyboard piano wouldrequire extremely difficult, cross hand movements. However, the Emánuel Moór Pianoforte never went into massproduction. Only a few piano manufacturers (mostly Bösendorfer, but also Bechstein, Chickering, and Steinway & Sons)have made only about 60 instruments ever.
【題組】

36.Which of the following is the manufacturer that produces the keyboard in the picture?

(A) Chickering
(B) Bösendorfer
(C) Stuart and Sons
(D) Schoenhut