第 40 至 43 題為題組
       France gave birth to restaurants, but it was no civilized affair. In fact, today’s restaurant business is abyproduct of the class warfare that arose during the French Revolution.
       Back in the Middle Ages, fine dining was a privilege enjoyed exclusively by noble families who hadtheir own grand kitchens and personal chefs. The only commercial diners for the masses were dusty,shabby roadside inns, where strangers crowded around mediocre buffets of lukewarm roasts andover-sauced beans. But sometime in the 1760s, the merchant class of Paris developed a taste for healthyclear broths which were considered restorative； hence the term “restaurant.” By the 1780s, this newParisian “healthy food” craze led to a handful of reputable dining halls, where customers could sit atindividual tables and choose from a wide range of dishes.
       Ironically, the popularity of these restaurants grew at a time when the majority of the Frenchpopulation could not afford bread. Decades of harsh winters and oppressive taxation had taken their tollon kitchen tables. By 1789, the starving French masses could no longer be controlled. Looting and riotserupted throughout Paris, ushering in the French Revolution. Rich nobles fled to the countryside, leavingbehind their highly skilled chefs and the fine wines from their cellars. Suddenly, unemployed cooks foundtheir way to the city’s eateries, and within a year, nearly 50 elegant restaurants had popped up in Paris.
       The restaurant business truly came into its own during the early 1800s, after General Napoleonseized control of the country. He granted “freedom of pleasure” to all citizens, as he reasoned that peoplewho were focused on champagne and fine food probably would not conspire against him. The number ofrestaurants rose quickly. By 1814, about three thousand restaurants were listed in a popular travel guide.Paris became the center of the new restaurant scene, which, to some degree, it remains today.
【題組】40. According to the passage, where does the word “restaurant” originate from?
(A) Famous chefs.
(B) Popular soups.
(C) Dining halls.
(D) Daily menus.