Ⅲ、篇章結構：佔10分（共5題，每題2分） Choose the best answer to fill in each blank below.(AB)Half the participants are likely to ignore their gut instincts(AC) Many people maintain a healthy life by making conscious decisions(AD) The participants had no idea about what to do after a few attempts(AE)Most people begin to show a stress response(BC) You may have an ineffable hunch when something is right or wrong without being ableto articulate the reasons for your judgement(BD) Their studies have discussed the negative impact of intuition based on an analyticalapproach(BE) Many people start to form a hunch of which ones will lead to bigger wins after about40 attempts(CD) Without this kind of intuition, people can run into serious problems in real life(CE) Their research, along the way, has identified the specific situations in which ourintuition is likely to lead us down the right path(DE) With this type of knowledge, critical people can solve many issues Intuition is often lauded as the key to decision making. Should you always follow your gut, oris it more complicated？ When asked about the source of his genius, Albert Einstein had nodoubts. “I believe in intuitions and inspirations. I sometimes feel that I am right. I do not knowthat I am,” he told the Saturday Evening Post in 1929. It was much better to trust thoseinstincts and test them later than to dismiss them out of hand, he said. You may recognize the sensation yourself, whether you are looking at a new apartment,considering a possible new job, or judging someone’s honesty. ____(12)____. It can betempting to view our gut instincts as a kind of mysterious ‘sixth sense’, but there is no need toappeal to the paranormal to explain intuition.In the past two decades, psychologists and neuroscientists have made enormous strides inidentifying the sources of our gut instincts, and their essential role in our lives. ____(13)____.It equips us with knowledge that can help us all to make better decisions. The scientific understanding of intuition begins with a laboratory game known as the IowaGambling Task. Participants are presented with four stacks of cards on a computer screen. Eachtime they turn a card, they will receive either a monetary reward or a penalty. Two of the deckstend to offer relatively large rewards, but even bigger penalties – meaning that, over manyturns, they will lead to a loss. The other two decks provide relatively small rewards but evensmaller penalties as a safer option. The participants aren’t told which decks are going to be profitable. ___(14)____. Theparticipants’ nonconscious mind, it seems, has started to notice the patterns of the wins andlosses, even if they cannot explain the reason that they are making these choices, beyondhaving a “gut feeling”. Importantly, the improvements in performance often follow systematic physiological changesas the participants make their decisions. ___(15)___. Symptoms such as a slight change to theheart’s beat and sweating of the skin when they start to approach the riskier decks. Thesechanges – known as “somatic markers” – seem to act as a warning that prevents the participantfrom making the wrong choice, and they may underlie the sense of having a gut instinct. ____(16)____. Some neurological patients are unable to form somatic markers, for instance.Without gut feelings to guide them, they often remain stuck in ‘analysis paralysis’ when askedto make a choice. And when they do take a decision, they fail to see the risks in what they aredoing. They may invest all their money in a poor business proposal, for example, while otherswould have had a strong instinct to distrust the venture.
【題組】12