2.        Analyzing levels of proportional representation of American Indians in state andlocal government job is important for several reasons. First, the basic idea underlyingthe theory of representative bureaucracy is that the demographic composition ofbureaucracy should mirror the demographic composition of the general public. This isbecause in addition to its symbolic value, increased access to managerial position maylead to greater responsiveness on the part of policy makers to the policy interests oftraditionally disadvantaged groups such as American Indians. Second, the focus onhigher level jobs of bureaucracies (as opposed to non-managerial positions) isespecially important because managerial positions represent a major source ofeconomic progress for members of traditionally disadvantaged groups, as these jobsconfer good salaries, benefits, status, security and mobility. Third, it is important toknow if there has been growth in the American Indian share of more desirable publicsector positions over the last two decades. For instance, Peterson and Duncan, two ofcollege professors, argue that the population and power of American Indians havebeen growing in certain states. They also suggest that this growth may reflect thepossibility that American Indian population are becoming more active innontraditional areas of politics, assimilating into mainstream culture, and securingwith greater frequency leadership positions in non-tribal government.
【題組】43. What does the main purpose of the passage?
(A)To summarize a demographic trend over time.
(B) To explain the need for particular social research.
(C) To present findings on a demographic group.
(D)To analyze the demographic composition of a type of job