III. Reading Comprehension
Please read the passages and choose the best answer to the questions.

Passage A
         Nearly three-quarters of American mothers with children at home are employed, though that fact doesn’t necessarily make it any easier for mothers to drop a toddler at day care or miss school plays.
        The mommy wars might seem like a relic of the 1990s, but 41 percent of adults say the increase in working mothers is bad for society, while just 22 percent say it is good, according to Pew Research Center.
        Yet evidences is mounting that having a working mother has some economic,educational and social benefits for children of both sexes.
        That is not to say that children do not also benefit when their parents spend more time with them—they do. But we make trade-offs in how we spend our time, and research shows that children of working parents also accrue benefits.
        In a new study of 50,000 adults in 25 countries, daughters of working mothers completed more years of educations, were more likely to be employed and in supervisory roles and earned higher incomes. Having a working mother didn’t influence the careers of sons, which researchers said was unsurprising because men were generally expected to work—but sons of working mothers did spend more time on child care and housework.
       “Part of this working mothers’ guilt has been, ‘Oh, my kids are going to be so much better off if I stay home,’ but what we’re finding in adult outcomes is kids will be so much better off if women spend some time at work,” said Kathleen McGinn, a professor at Harvard Business School and an author of the study, which is part of the school’s new gender initiative, to be announced Monday, for researching and
discussing gender issues.

       “This is as close to a silver bullet as you can find terms of helping reduce gender inequalities, both in the workplace and at home,” she said.
       Other researchers are less confident that the data has proved such a large effect. “The problem is we don’t know how these mothers differed,” said Raquel Fernandez,an economics professor at New York University. “Was it really her mother working who did this, or was it her mother getting an education?”The new study is part of a shift away from focusing on whether working mothers hurt children and toward a richer understanding of the relationship between work and family. A 2010 meta-analysis of 69 studies over 50 years found that in general,children whose mothers worked when they were young had no major learning,behavior or social problems, and tended to be high achievers in school and have less depression and anxiety. The positive effects were particularly strong for children
from low-income or single-parent families； some studies showed negative effects in middle-class or two-income families.
       Mr. McGinn said parents seemed to be serving as role models. “This is our best clue that what’s happening is a real role modeling of skills that somehow conveys to you. Here’s a way to behave, here’s a way you can cope with the various demands of works and home,” she said.

Questions 1-4
【題組】1. What is the best title for this reading?
(A) Working Moms May Benefit Children
(B) The Increase in Working Mothers is Bad for Society
(C) Gender Inequalities in the Workplace
(D) The Controversial Debate between Two Women Professors