【評論主題】9.關於下顎牙弓擴張術治療後之穩定度，下列敘述何者錯誤？(A)下顎橫向擴張較上顎橫向擴張容易 (B)下顎門牙之往前移限制約為2 mm 以內 (C)下顎小臼齒與大臼齒之擴張穩定度優於犬齒 (D)下顎犬齒

【評論內容】

Contemporary Orthodontics 6 edition P.220,438

(A) Mandibular transverse expansion was impossible until distraction osteogensis became available.從這裡可以知道下顎的橫向擴張是十分困難的。(B)The 2-mm limitation for forward movement of the lower incisors obviously is subject to considerable individual variation but makes sense in light of the observation that lip pressure increases sharply 2 mm out into space usually occupied by the lip.簡短來說就是，如果大於2mm，來自於嘴唇的壓力就會急劇升高。(C)(D) Expansion across the premolars and molars is much more likely to be maintained, presumably because of the relatively low cheek pressures.220頁那邊也有提到，下顎犬齒的橫向擴張基本上是沒辦法維持的！而且小臼大臼來自於臉頰的壓力明顯小很多，所以(C)的小臼大臼穩定度高於犬齒是對的！

【評論主題】13.C型根管系統（C-shaped root canal system）較不常發生在下列那一個恆齒齒位？(A)下顎第一小臼齒(B)下顎第二小臼齒(C)下顎第一大臼齒(D)下顎第二大臼齒

【評論內容】Cohens Pathway of th☆ ☆☆☆☆ 11☆ ☆....

【評論主題】11.關於阻生齒拔牙後處置的說明，下列何者正確？(A)冰敷不一定能預防術後腫脹，但病人大抵會覺得舒服(B)使用類固醇有許多副作用，不建議使用於預防拔牙術後腫脹(C)為預防拔牙術後感染，健康病人亦需使用

【評論內容】Contemporary Oral and Maxillary surgery 7e P.183, 184(B)To minimize the swelling that is common after the surgical removal of impacted third molars, some surgeons give parenteral corticosteroids. Intravenous administration of a glucocorticoid steroid provides sufficient antiinflammatory activity to greatly limit edema.類固醇可以提供抗發炎能力來防止Edema!(D)many surgeons deliver an antibiotic such as tetracycline into the sockets of lower third molars to help prevent osteitis sicca (dry socket).很多醫師會開Tetracyclin來防止乾性齒槽炎的發生！附加：a relatively common one is the single administration of 8 mg dexamethasone before surgery. Dexamethasone is a long-acting steroid, and its efficacy in controlling third molar postsurgical edema is documented. This drug can then be continued in an oral dose of 0.75 to 1.25 mg twice a day for 2 to 3 days to continue edema control.術前打8 mg dexamethasone(IV)，術後再吃2-3天的口服dexamethasone