【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...
【評論主題】3 有關新生兒的臉孔注視偏好，下列敘述何者最正確？(A)對五官在正常位置或移動到不同位置的臉孔沒有偏好(B)對自己種族和其他不同種族的臉孔沒有偏好(C)對不同表情的臉孔沒有注視偏好(D)對母親與其他陌
【評論內容】
參考來源：Berk, L., 2013. Child development. 9th ed. Boston: Pearson.Ch4.Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities,Perceptual Development in Infancy --Vision --Face Perception, p163-164.擷取部分內文：--------選項A
Newborns prefer to look at photos and simplified drawings of faces with
features arranged naturally (upright) rather than unnaturally (upside down or sideways)
(see Figure 4.16a and b on page 164) (Cassia, Turati, & Simion, 2004; Mondloch et al., 1999).
------------------------------------------------選項B
Furthermore, 3- to 6-month-olds exposed mostly to ...
【評論主題】25 依據盧易亞（A. R. Luria）對大腦中央溝後面之第三級區域（tertiary zone）的敘述，下列何者正確？(A)該區域的神經細胞特性，為人類所獨有(B)該區域主要為感道特定性（sens
【評論內容】
參考書籍：1. Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2015). Fundamentals of human neuropsychology. New York: Worth Publishers. Ch10.Principles of Neocortical Function,p275 &281.
2. Walsh, K. W., & Darby, D. (1999). Neuropsychology: A Clinical Approach: Churchill Livingstone.Ch1.History of neuropsychology--Modern neuropsychology, p26.
---------擷取部分內文：選項A，比較接近的是這段論述：
A final difference in the human brain has been the disproportionate expansion
of human frontal, temporal, and parietal association areas relative to those
of other primates . Curiously, these regions show the gr...
【評論主題】5 不同國家的憂鬱症盛行率不同，下列何者不是最佳解釋？(A)不同文化對於情緒的表達不同 (B)不同國家的飲食習慣可能不同(C)不同國家所處的氣候緯度不同 (D)不同文化的診斷準則項目不同
【評論內容】出處：Kring, A. M., Johnson, S. L., Davison, G. C., & Neale, J. M. （2017）.Abnormal psychology.Hoboken, N.J: Wiley Custom.Ch5. Mood disorders--Epidemiology and Consequences ofDepressive Disorders--, p123-125.-------------------PS 這題是建立在使用相同診斷準則進行多國研究的結果。又是去頭去尾斷章取義的出題......擷取內文：選項DIn a major cross cultural study using the same diagnostic criteria andstructured interview in each country, the prevalence of MDD varied froma low of 6.5 percent in China to a high of 21 percent in France (Bromet,Andrade, et al., 2011).). It is tempting to assume tha...
【評論主題】40 有關臨床顯著性（clinical significance），下列敘述何者錯誤？(A)臨床顯著性可定義為變項之間的關係夠大到具重要性(B)臨床顯著性的操作界定為相關係數達統計顯著水準(C)心理疾
【評論內容】參考書目：Kring, A. M., Johnson, S. L., Davison, G. C., & Neale, J. M. （2017）.Abnormal psychology.Hoboken, N.J: Wiley Custom.Ch4 Research Methods in Psychopathology（Statistical and Clinical Significance ）, p97.中文版不知道幾頁。-------------------選項B是統計顯著性的操作定義，其他選項可參考內文。內文：Beyond statistical significance, it is important to consider clinical significance.Clinical significance is defined by whether a relationship between variablesis large enough to matter (選項A). In a survey as large as the U.S. Census,almost every correlation you could conceive of would...
【評論主題】31 下列何項治療取向因強調個案應為自己的生活負責與抉擇，未能充分考量現實環境與社會條件不公的影響？(A)女性主義治療 (B)個人中心治療 (C)阿德勒取向治療 (D)現實治療
【評論內容】
出處：Corey, G. (2017). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy(10E).Ch11: Choice Theory/ Reality Therapy, p327.(Choice Theory/Reality Therapy From a Multicultural Perspective)
----------------內文：
One of the shortcomings of reality therapy in working with clients from certain
ethnic groups is that it may not take fully into account some very real
environmental forces that operate against them in their everyday lives.
Counselors need to be broadly trained and be able to compensate for the
limitation inherent in all counseling theories, Reality therapy gives only limited
attentio...
【評論主題】28 A. A Lazarus的多元模式治療之主要理論基礎為何？(A)社會學習理論 (B)操作制約理論 (C)古典制約理論 (D)完形理論
【評論內容】有關於為何Multimodal therpay是依據社會認知與學習的觀點，以及發展的脈絡為何，可參考下面文章的Theoretical bases.https://www.zurinstitute.com/multimodal-therapy/
【評論主題】35 下列有關「社會支持」的敘述，何者最不恰當？(A)個人的「社會網絡（social network）」組成，例如個人是否為家庭、學校或社區的一份子，是評估社會支持的方式之一(B)個人主觀認知他人能否
【評論內容】
出處：Sarafino, E. P., & Smith, T. W. (2017). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial interactions. Ch4. STRESS, BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, AND ILLNESS--PSYCHOSOCIAL MODIFIERS OF STRESS, p83.
--------------------------選項A
Social support refers to comfort, caring, esteem, or help
available to a person from other people or groups (Uchino, 2004).
Support can come from many sources—the person's spouse or lover,
family, friends, physician, or community organizations.
People with social support believe they are loved, valued,
and part of a social network, such as a family or community
organization, tha...
【評論主題】37 人口老化（population aging）是全世界面對的重要議題，下列有關老化與健康的敘述，何者最不正確？(A)整體來說，目前老年世代的心理健康狀況，比中年及年輕世代群好(B)由於目前在年輕世
【評論內容】出處：Schaie, K. W., & Willis, S. L. (2016). Handbook of the psychology of aging.Ch1.Theoretical Perspectives for the Psychology of Aging in a Lifespan Context--HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE, p45-46----------------擷取部分內文：選項ABecause the incidence of most diseases increases with chronological age,population aging demands serious attention to the maintenance of functional health in aging individuals and the prevention of disease. Mental health in today's older cohorts is relatively good compared to middle-aged and younger cohorts (Blazer & Hybels, 2014), although both caregiving and ins...
【評論主題】9 依據 Kring 等人（2007）的整理，雙生子研究顯示，下列疾患中遺傳性（heritability）最高的是何者？(A)創傷後壓力症 (B)畏懼症 (C)恐慌症 (D)廣泛性焦慮症
【評論內容】
新版原文書把焦慮症的遺傳率上調，
但也沒特別指涉誰的遺傳率比較高(可能要參考原始文獻)。
PS本聖老師翻譯中文三版的是原文的13E。
--------------------12E
Twin studies suggest a heritability of 20–40 percent for specific phobias,
social anxiety disorder, GAD and PTSD, and about 50 percent for panic disorder
(Hettema, Neale, & Kendler, 2001; True, Rice, Eisen, et al., 1993)
14EA large-scale twin study suggested a heritability estimate of .5 to .6 percent
for anxiety disorders (Kendler, Aggen, et al., 2011...
【評論主題】25 有關兒童青少年社交焦慮症的敘述，下列何者錯誤？(A)男生較女生多 (B)常出現的共病是特定畏懼症(C)可能會以生氣和攻擊行為展現 (D)通常很少在 10 歲之前出現
【評論內容】出處：Mash, E. J., & Wolfe, D. A. (2013). Abnormal child psychology.Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.Ch11. Anxiety and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorders--SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SOCIAL PHOBIA),Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Course, p370-371.--------------☛選項A，參考內文：Girls may experience greater social anxietybecause they are more concerned withsocial competence than are boys and attach greater importance to interpersonal relationships and evalution by peers (Inderbitzen-Nolan & Walters, 2000). ☛選項B，最常見的共病是GAD，再來是分離焦慮與特定畏懼，參考內文：Two-thirds of...
【評論主題】13 下列何類中樞神經疾病患者併發意念型失用症（ideational apraxia）的可能性最高？(A)失智症（dementia） (B)右半腦後側區域腦腫瘤(C)左半腦後側血管病變 (D)下皮質受
【評論內容】
參考書目：Walsh, K. W., & Darby, D. (1999). Neuropsychology: A Clinical Approach: Churchill Livingstone. Ch3. Elements of neurology--Disruption of higher cerebral functions, p99.----引用部分內文
Ideationai apraxia is the difficulty in executing the correct sequence of steps
which makes up a complex act though the individual component acts may be
successfully carried out. It is a disruption of the total programme of the
required acts. Patients may show no difficulty in imltating sequences,
i.e. where the programme is provided for them.
Ideational apraxia is associated with dominant hemisphere ...
【評論主題】7 一位患者得了單純性疱疹腦炎（herpes simplex encephalitis, HSE）造成了雙側顳葉的損傷。他最有可能出現的神經心理功能缺損為何？(A)意動型失用症（ideomotor a
【評論內容】
一般性失憶症包含順向與逆向的失憶類型，這題出在：
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012).
Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Ch7. Neuropathology for Neuropsychologists--INFECTIOUS PROCESSES--
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis----
引用部分內文：
This infectious condition is of special neuropsychological interest because of
theresidualprofound effectsof memory function that often accompanyit.
中間省略....
Unfortunately, many who do survive have lost much medialtemporal and orbitalbrain tissue,
usually including thehippocampal memory registrat...