Passage B: Questions 41-46 Using a compass instead of a map app or a GPS device is one way to improve your sense of direction,experts say. For the directionally challenged, getting from Point A to Point B can be a frustrating,time-wasting ordeal. If the idea of trying to get someplace unfamiliar makes you anxious, fear not:Experts say there are steps you can take to improve your sense of direction.  1. Create a mental map"Review a map of your proposed route before heading out, and perhaps even trace it with yourfinger," Dr. Brendan Kelley, a neurologist at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, said.It will help provide context for the route. Once you arrive, review the map and the route youtraveled to reinforce the memory of how you got there.  2. Be mindful of place Stop and enjoy the scenery. ''Set your phone to vibrate every 15 minutes to remind you to notewhere you are," Richard S. Citrin, an organizational psychologist from Pittsburgh, said. Takenotes and comment about what you see. That will help orient you and strengthen connections inyour brain about where you are and have been. Try not to get stressed, because that makes itmore likely you will become disoriented and confused. "When our automatic responses takeover, we usually wind up lost emotionally and sometimes physically," he said. 3. Put the technology awayExperts say that technology like GPS devices or apps on smartphones can be crutches thatinhibit the development of a better sense of direction. "The devices can be good 'adaptivestrategies' to navigate to unfamiliar places," Dr. Kelley said. However, it can be challenging tolearn on our own if we rely too heavily on them. David R. Widman, a professor of psychology atJuniata College in Huntingdon, Pa., said that paper maps, with their foldout pages, offer a betteroverview of where you are headed than the small screens of smartphones. He recalled thatduring a trip his family took from central Pennsylvania to Vermont, the GPS device never madeit clear that they would have to cross Lake Champlain. The trip ended up taking 1 1 hours.   4. Take different routes to the same placeMr. Citrin said that when traffic is bad, he takes a different route even if it takes longer. "'As mymind begins to understand that option, I increase my awareness of how going in differentdirections helps me get to where I am going," he said.  5. Figure out where north isSue Barry, professor emeritus of biological sciences and neuroscience at Mount HolyokeCollege in South Hadley, Mass., said that her sense of direction was "'really quite pathetic." Sheunderstood what was at her point of origin and what was at her destination, but had nounderstanding of what was in between or how the two points related to each other. Her husband,Dan, an engineer, was inspired by a 2007 article in Wired magazine that described the"feelSpace belt," which was outfitted with a power supply and 13 vibrating pads. A sensordetected Earth's magnetic field, and whichever pad pointed north would buzz to alert the personwearing the belt. As a Mother's Day gift in 2010, Ms. Barry's husband embedded compasscircuitry into a sun hat. The circuitry was connected by a wire to a battery-powered motor,which she would hold in her hand or tuck into the hat. When she was pointing north, the motorwould buzz. It offered a tactile sense of where north was, she said, adding that the experimenthad left her with a greater sense of "connectiveness to the Earth." She said she started to gain anawareness of where she was in relation to streets, buildings and landmarks.
【題組】41. What does "directionally challenged" mean in Line 2?
(A) the challenge involved in making sense where we are
(B) having a good sense of direction is innately challenging
(C) without technology, it is difficult to know where we are
(D) those who have a weak sense of direction