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• 8. A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharidemodifications to prot
• 9. Cilia and flagella bend because of ________.(A) conformational changes in ATP that thrust microtu
• 10. In an Covid-19-infected cell producing Covid-19 virus particles, the viralglycoprotein is expres
• 11. Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?(A) a greater proportion
• 12. Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as aldosterone, cross the membranes of allcells but affe
• 13. Why has C. elegans proven to be a useful model for understanding apoptosis?(A) C. elegans does n
• 14. Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respirationof a glucose mole
• 15. The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase duringoxidative phosphoryl
• 16. Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?(A) carbon fixation(B) oxidation o
• 17. CAM plants keep stomata closed in the daytime, thus reducing loss of water. Theycan do this beca
• 18. Which of the following events occurs during interphase of the cell cycle?(A) condensation of the
• 19. Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drugthat prevents which
• 20. Genetic variation leads to genetic diversity in populations and is the raw materialfor evolution
• 21. Crossing over of chromosomes normally takes place during which of the followingprocesses?(A) mei
• 22. Marfan syndrome in humans is caused by an abnormality of the connective tissueprotein fibrillin.
• 23. Radish flowers may be red, purple, or white. A cross between a red-flowered plantand a white-flo
• 24. One possible result of chromosomal breakage is for a fragment to join anonhomologous chromosome.
• 25. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis(A) progresses away from the replicatio
• 26. The lagging strand is characterized by a series of short segments of DNA (Okazakifragments) that
• 27. Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription inprokaryotes?
• 28. In bacteria, there are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45tRNAs. Which of the
• 29. Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their geneexpression that is
• 30. DNA methylation and histone acetylation are examples of which of the followingprocesses?(A) gene
• 31. Why might using retroviral vectors for gene therapy increase the patient's risk ofdevelopin
• 32. DNA technology has many medical applications. Which of the following is notdone routinely at pre