問題詳情
第 47 題至第 50 題為題組When we view a scene in which another person exhibits delight, pain, or disgust, the parts of our brain that reactwhen we experience those emotions ourselves are activated. Scientists at the NeuroImaging Center, the Netherlands,wanted to see if that same region that governs those three emotions—the anterior insula—was activated when people readabout someone experiencing disgust.To test this, they placed participants in an fMRI scanner, which measures changes in blood flow in the brain, andshowed them 3-second movie clips of an actor sipping from a cup and then looking disgusted. “Later on, we asked themto read an article and imagine short emotional scenarios in it,” said study team member Christian Keysers. “For instance,bumping into a drunken man, who then starts to throw up, and realizing that some of his vomit had ended up in your ownmouth.” Finally, the researchers had the participants taste an unpleasant drink while in the scanner.“In all three cases, the same location of the anterior insula lit up,” Keysers said. People with damaged anterior insulalose the capacity to feel disgusted. “If you give them sour milk, they would drink it happily and say it tastes like soda,”Keysers said. But for normal people, sipping that sour milk will result in them spitting it right back out with a “blech.” Itis an evolutionary advantage to have the same reaction when watching someone else spit out the milk: you won’t try thesame milk if you are aware of the other person’s disgust.“What this means is that whether we see a movie or read a story, the same thing happens: we activate our bodilyrepresentations of what it feels like to be disgusted,” Keysers said. “And that is why reading a book and viewing a moviecan both make us feel as if we literally feel what the protagonist is going through.”
【題組】47 What is the main idea of this article?
(A)Like watching movies, reading can stir emotions.
(B)The main purpose of using an fMRI scanner is to measure changes in blood flow in the brain.
(C)Being able to react to another person’s disgust is an evolutionary advantage.
(D)Scientists have proved that the anterior insula is responsible for three emotions.
參考答案
答案：A
難度：困難0.267606
統計：A(133),B(71),C(127),D(149),E(0)
用户評論
【itcz0831】評論
當我們看到他人表現出喜悅、痛苦或厭惡的情景，我們反應相同情緒的大腦部分會被活化，位於荷蘭神經影像中心之科學家，想要了解當讀到他人厭惡的情緒時，支配這三種情緒的區域(前腦島)是否同樣會被活化，據此，科學家利用功能性磁共振造影(fMRI)偵測受試者腦血流量的變化，並給受試者觀看一部長約3秒鐘的影片(內容為一位演員啜了一口後，顯現出厭惡的表情)，研究成員之一的Christian Keysers述說"接著，我們請他們閱讀文章並想像當中簡短的情境"，"例如，偶然碰到一個喝醉的人，接著他開始嘔吐，並且意識到他的一些嘔吐物最後跑到你的嘴裡"最後研究者使受試者嘗嘗難喝的飲料，Keysers說"3個案例中前腦島的同一區域有反應"，前腦島受損的人失去厭惡的能力，Keysers說"如果給予他們酸掉的牛奶，他們會愉快地喝，並說味道像汽水"，但以正常人來說，他們喝了一口酸掉的牛奶，會立刻"呸"的吐掉，對於察覺他人喝到酸掉牛奶的厭惡反應而不再嘗試相同的牛奶是一種演化優勢，這意味著不管我們是看電影或者看書，相同的:我們感覺到厭惡時我們會活化身體表現，這也就是為什麼我們在看電影或看書時我們彷彿經歷主角的經歷般
【章小間】評論
這篇文章的主要思想是什麼？(A)跟看電影一樣，閱讀可以激發情緒。 (B)使用一台功能性核磁共振造影掃描儀的主要目的是測量腦中血流量的變化。(C)能夠對另一個人的厭惡產生反應是一種進化優勢。 (D)科學家已經證明，前島葉負責三種情緒。