【nomi】評論

Specific Language Impairment (SLI) __(21)refers to__ a clinical condition that language users are constrained in their ability to comprehend, process, and produce a language despite the absence of obvious problems in intelligence, cognitive development, motor function, neurology, etc. __(22)Although__ many children can acquire their first language effortlessly, this is not the case for some children. A recent survey shows that SLI affects approximately 8% of the first-language population. Notably, SLI appears to be more common in males than females. To depict this language deficiency more precisely, scientists __(23)compare__ SLI patients to normally developing language users. Leonard (1998) posits that SLI children can differ from normally developing children in five ways: a) delay in cognitive and linguistic development； b) plateau in language attainment； c) profile difference； d) high frequency of error； and e) qualitative difference. To begin with, because of cognitive and linguistic delay, children with SLI start learning later than their peers； they also __(24)proceed__ at much a slower rate of development； in this regard, the gap between them and their peers becomes more manifest over time. As for plateau, in addition  to suffering from delayed protracted development, SLI patients may never attain full __(25)mastery__ of the language even after years of learning. In regard to profile difference, a SLI patient may be identical to a normally developing child in one aspect but may be disparate in another. As for frequency of error, SLI patients sometimes make the same __(26)types__ of errors as normally developing peers, but with a much greater variety of variants. Finally, SLI patients often produce language errors that are qualitatively different from the ones in normally developing children.特定語言障礙 (SLI) 是指語言使用者在智力、認知發展、運動功能、神經學等方面沒有明顯問題的情況下，在理解、處理和產生語言的能力方面受到限制的臨床狀況。 儘管許多兒童可以毫不費力地習得他們的第一語言，但有些孩子卻不是這樣。最近的一項調查顯示，SLI 影響了大約 8% 的母語人口。值得注意的是，SLI 在男性中似乎比女性更常見。為了更準確地描述這種語言缺陷，科學家將 SLI 患者與正常發展的語言使用者進行了比較。 Leonard (1998) 認為 SLI 兒童與正常發育的兒童在五個方面不同：a) 認知和語言發展的延遲；b) 語言能力的停滯；c) 輪廓差異；d) 錯誤頻率高；和 e) 定性區別。首先，由於認知和語言延遲，SLI 兒童開始學習比同齡人晚；他們的發展速度也慢得多；在這方面，他們與同齡人之間的差距隨著時間的推移變得更加明顯。至於高原，SLI 患者除了患有延遲性發育遲緩之外，即使經過多年的學習，也可能永遠無法完全掌握語言。關於外形差異，SLI 患者可能在一個方面與正常發育的兒童相同，但在另一個方面可能不同。至於錯誤頻率，SLI 患者有時會犯與正常發育同齡人相同類型的錯誤，但變異的種類要多得多。最後，SLI 患者經常產生與正常發育兒童的語言錯誤在性質上不同的語言錯誤。(D) comparecompareKK[kəmˋpɛr]及物動詞1.比較，對照[（+with/to）]Compared with him, I am a bungler. 與他相比，我只能算是一個笨拙的人。Compare this with that, and you will see which is better. 將這個與那個比較一下，你就會知道哪個比較好了。

【到底哪個好】評論

(A)notarize 公證，為…作公證(B)neutralize  抵消，使失效