問題詳情
三、閱讀測驗 Biofuels are a wide range of fuels which are in some way derived from biomass. The term covers solid biomass, liquid fuels and various biogases. With the recent rise in oil prices, along with growing concern about global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions, biofuels are gaining increased public and scientific attention. One type of biofuel, blended with much of the gasoline in the United States, is called bioethanol. It is the same stuff as in alcoholic drinks, except that it's made from corn that has been heavily processed. There are various ways of making biofuels, but they generally use chemical reactions, fermentation, and heat to break down the starches, sugars, and other small particles in plants. On the face of it, biofuels look like a great solution. Unlike underground oil reserves, biofuels are a renewable resource since we can always grow more crops to turn into fuel. Unfortunately, it's not so simple. The process of growing the crops, making fertilizers and pesticides, and processing the plants into fuel consumes a lot of energy. It's so much energy that there is debate about whether ethanol from corn actually provides more energy than is required to grow and process it. Also, because much of the energy used in production comes from coal and natural gas, biofuels don't replace as much oil as they use.
【題組】36.What is the passage mainly about?
(A)Biofuels can increase crops production in the United States.
(B)Biofuels made from corns and other crops are called bioethanol.
(C)Biofuels may also lead to global warming and climate change.
(D)Biofuels have drawn increased attention in spite of their limitations.
參考答案
答案：D
難度：適中0.50514
統計：A(44),B(162),C(131),D(344),E(0)
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生物燃料是一種廣泛的燃料，在某種程度上源自生物質。該術語涵蓋固體生物質，液體燃料和各種生物氣體。隨著最近石油價格的上漲，以及對二氧化碳排放引起的全球變暖的日益關注，生物燃料越來越受到公眾和科學界的關注。 一種與美國大部分汽油混合的生物燃料稱為生物乙醇。它與酒精飲料相同，只不過它是由經過大量加工的玉米製成的。有各種製造生物燃料的方法，但它們通常使用化學反應，發酵和加熱來分解植物中的澱粉，糖和其他小顆粒。 從表面上看，生物燃料看起來是一個很好的解決方案。與地下石油儲備不同，生物燃料是一種可再生資源，因為我們總能種植更多的作物轉化為燃料。不幸的是，它並非如此簡單。種植農作物，製造肥料和殺蟲劑以及將植物加工成燃料的過程消耗了大量能源。能量如此之大以至於人們一直在爭論玉米中的乙醇是否能提供比生長和加工所需的能量更多的能量。此外，由於生產中使用的大部分能源來自煤炭和天然氣，生物燃料並不能代替它們使用的油。