四、請將下列英文翻譯成中文： （20 分） Liability Surveys The largest employer of surveyors for Pre-shipment cargo surveys is the steeltrade. Steel gives rise to high claims, so P&l Clubs insist on pre-shipmentsurveys to protect themselves. The surveyor needs more a knowledge of steelthan of ships. And he needs stamina. The intention is to sight all the steel tobe loaded and note any defects. These will include degrees of rusting, crushingor deformation of coils, bending or deformation of girders and plates, exposureto salt spray or rain, especially for cold-rolled coils, and more especially inports where the air is very polluted.