Part（D）
Olykoeks
by Sue Larson Pascoe
        Most people have eaten doughnuts. Have you ever wondered where the first doughnuts were made? Who thought up the idea of a fried pastry (油炸糕點) with a hole in the center?
        No one knows for sure who made the first doughnuts. Some people think that doughnuts probably began in the 1800s as Dutch “olykoeks” or “oily cakes.” In those days, a cook would not want to waste any scraps (殘羹剩飯) of food. Leftover (殘餘物) pieces of bread dough (麵團) were put into hot oil and fried. Olykoeks were tasty on the outside, but soggy (濕軟的) and uncooked in the center.
        Some people say that the mother of a New England sea captain invented the first real doughnut. Her name was Elizabeth Gregory. She replaced the soggy center with spices and nuts. But, Elizabeth’s son, Captain Gregory, did not like nuts. He punched (重擊) out the center, and the outcome was the first
hole in a doughnut.
        Others say the real story is that Captain Gregory had difficulty steering his ship while trying to eat doughnuts. He asked the ship’s cook to make his doughnuts with holes so he could hang them on the pegs (木樁) of the steering wheel!
        Others think that Captain Gregory saw holed pastries in Europe and brought the idea back to America with him.
        During World War I, homesick American soldiers in Europe were served doughnuts by the Salvation Army (救世軍).These brave women volunteering for the job were called “Doughnut Girls.” They often worked in dangerous conditions near the soldiers, so the Doughnut Girls wore helmets (鋼盔) and
uniforms. The women made doughnut cutters out of a large can with a smaller can inside it to cut out the hole. They could set up a kettle (壺) of hot oil to fry the dough almost anywhere.
       In the 1920s, doughnut machines were invented. Doughnuts were produced faster and easier than ever before. Still, many people preferred to make their favorite doughnut recipes (食譜)
at home.
       Today, doughnuts are available at markets, bakeries, and coffee shops. Most people have a favorite type. You might like sugar-glazed doughnuts, doughnuts dipped in chocolate, or doughnuts covered in sprinkles. Perhaps you prefer doughnuts that don’t even have holes, like maple bars, twisted cinnamon
(肉桂), or jelly-filled doughnuts. Then again, when you go to the bakery, you might just like to eat the doughnut holes. Yum!
【題組】41.According to the article, the first Dutch “olykoek” may havebeen invented because
(A) people did not like to eat fried foods
(B) soldiers needed food that could be eaten in dangerousconditions
(C) sea captains needed a way to eat while steering a ship
(D) cooks did not like to waste leftover food