【題組】B. 請根據以下英文文本，出 3 題符合素養導向佈題原則的題目（請參考下方資訊），其中 1 題為選擇題型式，2 題為簡答題型式，並請附上各題參考答案。(10 分) 以下摘錄自國家教育研究員電子報 第 166 期 2017-12                      素養導向評量 【測驗及評量研究中心主任 任宗浩】        佈題強調真實的情境與真實的問題：不同於以往的紙筆測驗多著墨於知識和理解層次的評量，素養導向則較強調應用核心知識與技能以解決真實情境脈絡中的問題。除了真實脈絡之外，素養導向之問題應盡可能接近真實世界（包含日常生活情境或是學術探究情境）中會問的問題。                       Forever Changed                                                                                                                              by JoLynn Shopteese                 Every morning when I wake up, I peel back the blankets that keep my body warmth hostage and lookaround my room. I see cherished family photos, my favorite mahogany dresser and of course my love beadsthat hang from the windows. I can’t imagine my life without a loving family surrounding me or a roofshielding me from the night.        This past July, I went on a mission trip to Monterrey, Mexico, with my youth group. I sat on a bus fortwo days, not knowing what to expect. My friends on the bus described all the bugs that had infested theorphanages we were to work at for the next week. They told me how dirty everything would be and howdangerous the streets were. Secretly, I was hoping the bus would turn around somehow. But it did not. Thefirst night we arrived, a man said, “We have come here to change Mexico, but instead, Mexico will changeus.”       Each morning during the hour-and-a-half bus ride to the orphanage, I would think of how little I hadslept the night before, how tired I was, and how there was no air conditioning on the bus. But, as soon asthe orphanage came into view, all those feelings melted away. The children would run up to the gate, scream,and jump up and down because we had finally arrived. The first day I walked cautiously inside the metalgates. I saw one girl with a huge smile on her face. When I walked over to her, she gave me a hug. I lookedaround at all the other children. All were smiling. All were laughing. They were not upset, nor complainingabout their lives and living conditions.        I met a little girl at the orphanage named Erica. She had short black hair and a big scar beneath hernose. I picked her up and swung her around. She squealed with laughter. Every day when we arrived, shealways ran up to me, gave me a hug and kissed my cheeks. I began looking forward to this.        The whole time, I was thinking, who would give such a wonderful child up? I saw other children inthe orphanage. They did not fight over the toys we brought them. Instead, they shared them because theywanted everyone to experience the joy of the new toys.        On the last day, the kids were singing songs to us. Rose, the lady in charge, told us that one of thechildren wanted to share her story with us. To my amazement, Erica went up to speak. She smiled at meand began her story: “I’m so happy to be here in the orphanage.” Happy, I thought. Who would be happyto be in an orphanage? “When I was in my house,” she continued, “my parents used to beat me. They threwme against the wall and hurt me.”When she was done, I ran over to tell her how proud I was of her. I looked down and saw the scar nearher nose. Now I knew how she got it.       The day we left is a day I’ll never forget. Everyone was crying. I held Erica for fifteen minutes, tooscared to put her down. I kissed her scar, hoping, once more, to erase her memories. I told her I loved her.She stopped crying and smiled. When our time with the children was done, they waved once again throughthe gates. This time it was good-bye.         When I came home, I looked in my room while unpacking. I looked at all my clothes hanging in mycloset on multicolored hangers. The visions of Erica’s closet with two shirts in it flashed before my eyes.She tried to give me one of her stuffed animals in return for my friendship. I told her I did not need one.She said she didn’t either because she had two. Erica is only seven. It will take me a long time to learn whatshe already knows. ~ Adopted from Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul III: More Stories of Life, Love and Learning