【評論主題】21. Which of the following is NOT a minimal pair? (A) pat/bat (B) tough/bough (C) either/ether (D) p

【評論內容】minimal pair：two words that vary by only a single sound(A) pat /pæt/； bat /bæt/(B) 堅強的 tough /tʌf/； 粗樹枝 bough /baʊ/ (讀音差異大)(C) either /ˈiː.ðɚ/ /ˈaɪ.ðɚ/ 兩種讀音，取前面； ether /ˈiː.θɚ/(D) peace /piːs/； peas /piːz/

【評論主題】20. __________ is especially popular in the speech of students, where it has yielded forms like prof

【評論內容】(A) Conversion 轉品 ((n.)phone→(v.)phone 打電話)(B) Backformation 向後派生 (派生：原先有的詞work→worker；向後派生：原先有的詞editor→edit)(C) Onomatopoeia 擬音 (鴨子叫聲quack)(D) Clipping 減縮 (gymnasium→gym)其他造詞法(word formation)補充：compound 複合 (foot+ball=football, cupcake, jellyfish)derivation 派生構詞 (透過詞根、詞綴來衍生新詞，如unbelievable)blending 融合 (smoke(煙)+mog(霧)=smog(煙霧))acronym 緊縮 (MRT, AIDS)loanword 借詞 (fiancé 音、義、形皆來自法語)