問題詳情

四、閱讀測驗【請依照段落上下文意,選出最適當的答案】第一篇:       When little children get hurt, the first thing they usually ask for is a Band-Aid to make their wounds feel better.However, have you ever wondered what people used to cover wounds before Band-Aids were invented? Band-Aidshave only been around since the 1920s, but people have been getting hurt for much longer than that. How people treatedtheir wounds in the past may come as a surprise. In addition to cloth bandages, people often covered and cured theirwounds with cobwebs.       Cobwebs are made by members of the spider family called Theridiidae. These spiders do not spin typical webs thatlook like concentric polygons. Instead, these spiders spin a random, sticky, crisscrossed net in which they trap their prey.Most people associate cobwebs with a messy house mainly because of the dust that gathers on the adhesive strands ofcobwebs. Yet, although it might appear untidy, the presence of cobwebs does not suggest an unhealthy space. In fact,quite the opposite is true. Many types of cobwebs are laced with penicillin, fungi that contain antibiotic properties.Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of penicillin, came across the fungi when working with a colleague’s cobwebcollection.      When the cobwebs containing penicillin came into contact with some bacteria samples, the growth of the bacteriawas stopped, and the bacteria samples died. The discovery of penicillin for use as an antibiotic changed the face ofmodern medicine because it helped treat many serious diseases. That explains why cobweb bandages were known forgenerations as a medical cure. Not only did the webbing help to coagulate the liquid on the wound, but it also containedpenicillin, a powerful antibiotic that aided in the healing process. By using cobwebs to cover wounds, people withinjuries were using antibiotics without even realizing it.       Cobwebs appear in the stories of many cultures. These days, cobwebs are used as spooky decorations in Halloweenscenes or bring a sense of frustration during people’s spring-cleaning. Next time, when you reach up to clean a dustycrevice, try not to feel frustrated but remember such a medical treasure tangled in your broom.
【題組】41. What is a good title for this passage?
(A) History of Spider.
(B) Peculiar Theridiidae.
(C) Wonder of Cobwebs.
(D) How to Treat Wounds.

參考答案

答案:C
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中文翻譯如下:當小孩受傷時,他們通常會第一個想到的是一片OK繃,可以讓他們的傷口感覺好一點。不過,你有沒有想過,在OK繃被發明之前,人們是如何覆蓋傷口的呢?OK繃出現於1920年代,但人們受傷的歷史要遠遠超過這個時間,而人們在過去是如何處理他們的傷口可能會讓你感到驚訝。除了布製繃帶,人們經常用蜘蛛網來覆蓋和治療傷口,蜘蛛網是由被稱為Theridiidae的蜘蛛製造的,這些蜘蛛並不紡織典型的看起來像同心多邊形的網,相反,這些蜘蛛紡出一個隨機的、黏糊糊的交錯網,用來困住它們的獵物。大多數人之所以將蜘蛛網與骯髒的房子聯繫在一起,主要是因為灰塵積聚在蜘蛛網的黏附纖維上。然而,儘管看起來可能不整潔,但蜘蛛網的存在並不代表不健康的環境,事實上,情況正好相反,許多種類的蜘蛛網都含有青黴素,一種具有抗生素性質的真菌。青黴素的發現者亞歷山大·弗萊明在研究同事的蜘蛛網收藏時偶然發現了這種真菌,當含有青黴素的蜘蛛網接觸到一些細菌樣本時,細菌的生長被停止,細菌樣本死亡,青黴素的發現作為抗生素的使用改變了現代醫學的面貌,因為它有助於治療許多嚴重的疾病。這解釋了為什麼蜘蛛網繃帶在幾代人中被認為是一種醫療治療方法,蜘蛛網不僅有助於凝固傷口上的液體,還含有青黴素,一種強大的抗生素,有助於傷口的癒合過程,使用蜘蛛網來覆蓋傷口,人們使用抗生素,甚至沒有意識到蜘蛛網出現在許多文化的故事中。如今,蜘蛛網被用作萬聖節場景中的可怕裝飾,或者在人們春季大掃除時帶來挫折感,下次當你伸手清理一個灰塵堆積的角落時,試著不要感到麻煩,而要記住你的掃把總是糾結著這樣一個寶貴的醫學寶藏。