IV. Reading Comprehension (20%)        The Ministry of Education in 2019 implemented a 12-year compulsory curriculum, also calledthe “108 curriculum.” Under the scheme, university admission requires not only taking the GeneralScholastic Ability Test, but also submitting an electronic learning portfolio, which includes recordsof courses, extracurricular activities and a catalog of experiences that a student acquires during thefinal three years of high school.        The portfolio is meant to reduce emphasis on test-oriented education by relieving the pressureof achieving high marks on exams. It is meant to help students present themselves to universities inthe way a resume presents the best side of a person to an employer. This means that students need tobegin exploring their interests and passions early in their high-school years by taking part inactivities and groups.       The National Federation of Teachers’ Unions had concerns. For example, it said that NationalTaipei University of Technology was using the learning portfolio to create a commodity. The schoolwas reportedly offering a five-day course priced at NT$8,000 to teach students how to prepare theirportfolio documents and perform in an oral interview.      Although the university pulled the course from its Web site, the course was criticized forcontravening admission ethics and turning the portfolio into an “arms race.” Parents, teachers andstudents have shared concerns about the necessity and fairness of the portfolio since it waslaunched. One criticism is that the portfolio favors wealthy families who can pay to put theirchildren through elite extracurricular activities. Students from affluent families could send theirchildren abroad to study during summer breaks, or enroll them in courses that offer respectedcertificates. Another concern is that families in urban areas are said to have an advantage over thosein rural regions, given the opportunities and resources available in cities. A gap between private andpublic education also provides uncertainty. Private schools reportedly put more effort intomotivating students to build their portfolios, partly by requiring a minimum number of activities tobe completed each semester. Teachers have concerns about how to coach students to write thereflections and essays the portfolio requires. Others wonder how seriously university professorswould consider these writings during the admissions process.        For students, their workload becomes more burdensome. They must juggle academic subjectswhile feeling required to feign passion in subjects in which they might have no interest. In othercases, students might feel compelled to divert energy away from their true interests, and towardmore rigorous clubs and activities that might look better in their portfolio. One student said that thesubmission process was like turning their life into a story that could be compared with those of theirpeers.        While the portfolio of the “108 curriculum” was designed with good intentions, the ministrymust monitor how the program is carried out, and whether its unintended consequences outweigh itsproposed benefits.
【題組】31. How does the author shift the tones throughout the article?
(A) Judgmental → Apprehensive → Impartial → Sympathetic.
(B) Judgmental → Sympathetic → Apprehensive → Impartial.
(C) Impartial → Judgmental → Apprehensive → Sympathetic.
(D) Impartial → Apprehensive → Sympathetic → Judgmental.