四、閱讀測驗(38-42)       The world is experiencing a profound demographic shift, characterized by a rapidly aging population. This phenomenon, often referred to as anaging society, presents unique challenges and implications for individuals, communities, and governments. One of the key challenges posed by anaging society is the strain it puts on healthcare systems. As people age, they tend to require more medical care, including specialized services for agerelated illnesses and conditions. This increased demand for healthcare services can lead to resource shortages, longer waiting time, and escalatinghealthcare costs.        Another significant implication of an aging society is the strain on social welfare systems. With a larger proportion of the population enteringretirement age, there is an increased demand for pension benefits, social security, and elder care services. The sustainability of these systems becomes apressing concern, as the shrinking working-age population may need help to support the growing number of retirees. Additionally, an aging societybrings about changes in family dynamics and caregiving responsibilities. As older adults may require assistance with daily activities and healthcaremanagement, the burden often falls on family members, predominantly women, who may have to juggle work, personal life, and caregiving duties.This can lead to increased stress and financial strain on families, as well as potential conflicts and reduced quality of life for both caregivers and theelderly.       Furthermore, an aging society can have economic repercussions. The labor force may experience a decline in productivity and potential laborshortages as a result of a shrinking working-age population. This can hamper economic growth, increase dependency ratios, and put pressure on socialsecurity systems. Governments and businesses need to adapt by implementing strategies to support older workers, promote workforce participation,and address skills gaps. Despite the challenges, an aging society also presents opportunities. Older adults have a wealth of knowledge, skills, andexperience that can contribute to society in various ways. They can engage in volunteer work, mentor younger generations, and participate in lifelonglearning programs. Creating age-friendly environments and promoting active aging can harness the potential of older adults, fostering social integrationand intergenerational cohesion.
【題組】38. What is one of the key challenges posed by an aging society?
(A) Decline in intergenerational cohesion
(B) Increased demand for childcare services
(C) Strain on healthcare systems
(D) Decreased dependency ratios