問題詳情

請依下文回答第 31 題至第 35 題:
        Against utilitarian and empiricist philosophers, Immanuel Kant argued that we must think ofourselves as more than a bundle of preferences and desires. To be free is to be autonomous, and to beautonomous is to be __31__ by a law I give myself. John Rawls adapted Kant’s conception of theautonomous self and drew upon it in theory of justice. Like Kant, Rawls observed that the choices wemake often show morally arbitrary contingencies. Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example,might __32__ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense. So if we want society tobe a voluntary arrangement, we can’t base it on actual __33__ ; we should ask instead what principles ofjustice we would agree to if we __34__ our particular interests and advantages, and choose behind a veilof ignorance. Kant’s idea of an autonomous will and Rawls’s idea of a hypothetical agreement behind aveil of ignorance have this in common: both conceive the moral agent as __35__ his or her particularaims and attachments. When we wish the moral law or choose the principles of justice, we do so withoutreference to the roles and identities that situate us in the world and make us the particular people we are.
【題組】31
(A) proposed
(B) confirmed
(C) violated
(D) governed

參考答案

答案:D
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