【D】Research has shown that men talk more than women overall. And while a woman talks to createa relationship with the listener, men, on the other hand, try to influence the listener. Men are alwaystrying to make their point! And they probably think they’re right, too, because men are more selfassured, more self-centered, and more satisfied with their performance than women. As to who is moreforgiving, studies show that men are more vengeful and less forgiving than women. Whereas womenare better at remembering faces and events, men can remember more symbolic and spatial things, suchas how to find their way back from a place they’ve driven to.
        One of the biggest ways in which men and women are different is in how they communicate.Girls use language to get closer to others and to make friends. Language is used in a cooperative way.However, boys use language to establish their position among others. Language is used for competition.Both males and females carry these ways of using language into adulthood. This is true for all situations:at home, at work, in personal and formal situations, in meetings, or at social functions. Womencooperate to bring about understanding. In contrast, men use power to negotiate their status. Recently,researchers were surprised to discover that this difference carries over into email communication andInternet postings in chat rooms.
        Researchers discovered that women and men have very different online ways of communicating.And these ways reflect exactly how they use language in their lives. The language of males isadversarial. They use put-downs, like “You must be dreaming!” or “Have you lost it?” They send moreemails than women and they’re longer. Men also use language that is self-promoting, such as, “Ihappen to be an expert on this subject.” And they often use sarcasm, like “The moon’s made of cheese.”On the other hand, females generally use language that is supportive, like “I’m sure you can do it.”They express gratitude, such as, “Thanks for all your help.” Not only do women apologize more, suchas, “I’m sorry I haven’t been in touch,” but they also express doubt and make self-conscious statementslike “I’m not sure I’m right about this, but ...” Women ask more questions. And when they offer anidea or opinion, it’s usually in the form of a suggestion, such as, “I think it might help you if ...,” or “Isuggest you ...”
        After extensive study, researchers have concluded that, all in all, men use language that isaggressive, competitive, and dominating, whereas women offer support and friendship. Furthermore,they believe that the different ways in which men and women use language in emails is a result of theirdifferent goals. Men see Internet technology as a way to influence others and extend their authorityand respect. On the other hand, women use it to strengthen existing friendships and make new ones.Knowing how the male and female brains differ can help everyone to understand each other better.
【題組】46.The author states that both males and females _____.
(A) change the way they use language as they get older
(B) carry their use of language into adulthood
(C) use language in the same ways
(D) use their brains in the same way when processing language