【用戶】123站著穿
【年級】幼稚園下
【評論內容】They proposed two kinds of non-specific structural properties that are typically seen in faces.The first, termed up-down asymmetry, or the top-heavy bias, refers to the presence of more patterning in the upper than in the lower part of the configuration (Simion, Valenza, Macchi Cassia, Turati, & Umiltà, 2002). The second, termed congruency, refers to the existence of a congruent spatial relation between the spatial disposition of the inner features and the shape of the outer contour, with the greater number of inner elements located in the widest portion of the configuration (Macchi Cassia, Valenza, Pividori, & Simion, 2002). Both properties characterized the face-like patterns used in almost all the experiments in which newborns’ face preference was demonstrated. Because faces are up-down asymmetrical (two eyes in the upper and one mouth in the lower part), thus, neonatalface preference actually reflects a non-specific perceptual preference for up-down asymmetry (i.e., top-heavy bias), rather than an innate bias for face-specific representation (Turati, 2004).