【評論主題】29 鴉片類止痛劑 Meperidine,具有何種骨架?(A) Benzomorphans (B) Anilidopiperidines (C) Diphenylheptanone (D) 4-Phe

【評論內容】Pethidine (INN, AAN, BAN) or meperidine (USAN) is a once popular synthetic opioid analgesic of the phenylpiperidineclass

【評論主題】21 Noyes-Whitney若為  ,則下列何者錯誤?(A)dC/dt為溶離速率 (B)k D為溶離速率常數(C)C S是藥物在溶媒中的濃度 (D)A是面積

【評論內容】dC/dt= rate of mass transfer / rate of dissolution       Kd = diffusion coefficient        A = surface area of solute particles       Cs = concentration of solute particles at the boundary layer        C = concentration of solute particles in the bulk of the solvent

【評論主題】34 某 45 歲女性病患其理想體重為 50 公斤,血清肌酐酸濃度測定值為 2.4 mg/dL。其肌酐酸清除率(請用Cockroft-Gault equation 計算)約為多少(mL/min)?(A

【評論內容】

Cockcroft-Gault CrCl = (140-age) * (Wt in kg) * (0.85 if female) / (72 * Cr)

Ideal Body Weight (IBW), Men (Devine) = 50 + (2.3 * (Height in inches - 60) )

Ideal Body Weight (IBW), Women (Devine) = 45.5 + (2.3 * (Height in inches - 60) )

Adjusted Body Weight (ABW) = IBW + 0.4 * (TBW - IBW) where 0.4 is a correction factor, and TBW is total (actual) body weight

【評論主題】2 根據法定溶解度表示法,如果溶解一份溶質需要10~30 份的溶媒,則表示該藥物之溶解度是屬於下列那一項?(A)易溶(freely soluble)(B)可溶(soluble)(C)略溶(sparin

【評論內容】

Solubility Definitions

DescriptionApprox Volume (ml) of Solvent Needed to Dissolve 1g of SoluteVery Soluble (極易溶)Less than 1Freely Soluble (易溶)1 to 10Soluble(可溶)10 to 30Sparingly Soluble (略溶)30 to 100Slightly Soluble (微溶)100 to 1000Very Slightly Soluble (極微溶)1000 to 10,000Practically Insoluble(幾不溶)Greater than 10,000

【評論主題】29 鴉片類止痛劑 Meperidine,具有何種骨架?(A) Benzomorphans (B) Anilidopiperidines (C) Diphenylheptanone (D) 4-Phe

【評論內容】Pethidine (INN, AAN, BAN) or meperidine (USAN) is a once popular synthetic opioid analgesic of the phenylpiperidineclass

【評論主題】21 Noyes-Whitney若為  ,則下列何者錯誤?(A)dC/dt為溶離速率 (B)k D為溶離速率常數(C)C S是藥物在溶媒中的濃度 (D)A是面積

【評論內容】dC/dt= rate of mass transfer / rate of dissolution       Kd = diffusion coefficient        A = surface area of solute particles       Cs = concentration of solute particles at the boundary layer        C = concentration of solute particles in the bulk of the solvent

【評論主題】34 某 45 歲女性病患其理想體重為 50 公斤,血清肌酐酸濃度測定值為 2.4 mg/dL。其肌酐酸清除率(請用Cockroft-Gault equation 計算)約為多少(mL/min)?(A

【評論內容】

Cockcroft-Gault CrCl = (140-age) * (Wt in kg) * (0.85 if female) / (72 * Cr)

Ideal Body Weight (IBW), Men (Devine) = 50 + (2.3 * (Height in inches - 60) )

Ideal Body Weight (IBW), Women (Devine) = 45.5 + (2.3 * (Height in inches - 60) )

Adjusted Body Weight (ABW) = IBW + 0.4 * (TBW - IBW) where 0.4 is a correction factor, and TBW is total (actual) body weight

【評論主題】2 根據法定溶解度表示法,如果溶解一份溶質需要10~30 份的溶媒,則表示該藥物之溶解度是屬於下列那一項?(A)易溶(freely soluble)(B)可溶(soluble)(C)略溶(sparin

【評論內容】

Solubility Definitions

DescriptionApprox Volume (ml) of Solvent Needed to Dissolve 1g of SoluteVery Soluble (極易溶)Less than 1Freely Soluble (易溶)1 to 10Soluble(可溶)10 to 30Sparingly Soluble (略溶)30 to 100Slightly Soluble (微溶)100 to 1000Very Slightly Soluble (極微溶)1000 to 10,000Practically Insoluble(幾不溶)Greater than 10,000

【評論主題】57 下列那一項藥品屬於 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor?(A)Glipizide(B)Acarbose(C)Repaglinide(D)Metformin

【評論內容】A) sulphonylurea. blocking potassium channel in beta cell and increases insulin release.C) meglitinide. potassium channel blocker

【評論主題】18 下列有關 amiodarone 之敘述何者為非?(A)是廣效性之抗心律不整藥物(B)對鈉離子、鉀離子及鈣離子孔道皆具抑制作用(C)可能引起致命性的肺纖維化 (D)與毛地黃合用時,會減少毛地黃之

【評論內容】Amiodarone may decrease the clearance of digoxin, resulting in prolonged digoxin activity. There may also be an additive effect on the sinus node of the heart.

【評論主題】37 下列那一種受體被活化後,最可能經由GTP-binding proteins 產生藥理作用?(A)Glucocorticoid receptor(B)Nicotinic acetylcholine

【評論內容】glucocorticoid receptor= steroid-receptor complex bind to DNA = regulation of gene transcriptionnicotinic acetylcholine receptor = ligand-gated ion channel

【評論主題】46 Amiodarone 為抗心律不整的藥品,有關其敘述,何者錯誤?(A)口服的起始作用(Onset)約為6 小時(B)半衰期約為15-100 天(C)可以延長心房與心室纖維的不反應期(D)可能造成

【評論內容】Oral amiodarone is markedly lipophilic, resulting in a very large volume of distribution (average about 66 L/kg) and a prolonged time to reach stable plasma levels [1]. It is incompletely absorbed (approximately 30 to 70 percent) after oral administration and is taken up very extensively by tissue, with marked interindividual variation [2]. Estimates of the elimination half-life of amiodarone vary, depending on how the half-life has been measured and the route of amiodarone administration. The relatively short half-life for disappearance of amiodarone from plasma after a single-dose or short...

【評論主題】3 管制藥品管理條例第三條所稱「管制藥品」與毒品危害防制條例第二條所稱「毒品」之分級及品項,下列何者正確?(A)管制藥品之分級及品項由行政院衛生署核定公告(B)管制藥品與毒品均分四級管理(C)毒品之分

【評論內容】    毒品管制之主政機關為法務部(檢察司),毒品之分級及品項,由法務部會同行政院衛生署組成 審議委員會(稱為毒品審議委員會,93.1.9成立),每三個月定期檢討,報由行政院公告調整、增減之。 管制藥品的主政機關為行政院衛生署(管制藥品管理局),管制藥品之分級及品項,由中央衛生 主管機關設置管制藥品審議委員會(87.11.1 成立)審議後,報請行政院核定公告之。

【評論主題】50 醫師欲使用isoniazid、rifampin、ethambutol、pyrazinamide 來治療 65 歲、身高155 公分、體重48 公斤之女性肺結核病患 (tuberculosis)

【評論內容】Normal levels of creatinine in the blood are approximately 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL in adult males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL in adult females.Creatinine levels that reach 2.0 or more in babies and 10.0 or more in adults may indicate severe kidney impairment Alanine aminotransferase1Males:10–40 units per liter (U/L) or 0.17–0.68 microkats per liter (mckat/L)Females:7–35 U/L or 0.12–0.60 mckat/LAspartate aminotransferase (AST)1Males:14–20 units per liter (U/L) or 0.23–0.33 microkats per liter (mckat/L)Females:10–36 U/L or 0.17–0.60 mckat/...

【評論主題】53 Naloxone 的結構為何?  (A)   (B)   (C)   (D)

【評論內容】D= nal.....看完整詳解

【評論主題】58 下列何種安眠藥物具有長效的活性代謝物?(A)   (B)  (C)  (D)

【評論內容】A) TemazepamB) EstazolamC) TriazolamD) Flurazep.....看完整詳解

【評論主題】48 請依下列數據算出病人的 LDL 值:total cholesterol=250 mg/dL;HDL cholesterol=35 mg/dL;triglycerides=150 mg/dL(A)

【評論內容】LDL = total cholesterol – HDL – (triglycerides/5)

【評論主題】69 下列各藥品及其血中濃度目標範圍的配對中,何者正確?(A) Carbamazepine: 4~12 ng/mL (B) Digoxin: 0.5~1.2 ng/mL(C) Gentamicin:

【評論內容】carbamazepine is 4-12 mg/LGentamicin Conventional dosing: Peak: 4-10 mcg/ml. Trough: 0.5 to 2 mcg/mlvalproic acid 40 to 100 mcg/ml

【評論主題】20 請問病人因感染而使用下列何種抗生素時,應該避免食用 tyramine 含量高的食物如醃魚、酵母菌抽提物?(A) Teicoplanin (B) Vancomycin (C) Daptomycin

【評論內容】

Linezolid is a weak monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), and should not be used concomitantly with other MAOIs, large amounts of tyramine-rich foods (such as pork, aged cheeses, alcoholic beverages, or smoked and pickled foods), orserotonergic drugs. There have been postmarketing reports of serotonin syndrome when linezolid was given with or soon after the discontinuation of serotonergic drugs, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as paroxetine andsertraline.[50][68][69][70] It may also enhance the blood pressure-increasing effects of sympathomimetic drugs su...

【評論主題】71 下列H 1 -antagonist與其結構骨幹的配對中,何者正確?(A)Brompheniramine-piperazines (B)Doxylamine-aminoalkyl ethers(C

【評論內容】Brompheniramine    DoxylamineTrimeprazine Clemastine

【評論主題】28 下列何者為β 1 -selective agonist,具有強心作用,可短暫性用於心臟衰竭病人?(A)Isoproterenol (B)Metoprolol (C)Metaproterenol

【評論內容】A) Isoproterenol - non-selective beta agonistB) Metoprolol - beta1 blockerC) Metaproterenol - beta2 agonist/bronchodilator

【評論主題】73 下列有關Gel filtration 及Gel permeation 二種層析法之敘述何者錯誤?(A) Agarose 為Gel filtration 之固定相之一 (B) Gel filtra

【評論內容】gel filtration: stationery phase = soft gel, eg dextran, agarose, polyacrylamide                     mobile phase = aqueous solution (polar)

【評論主題】59 有關 fenoldopam 在急性腎衰竭病人之作用,下列何者敘述正確?(A)其為具選擇性 dopamine-1 receptor antagonist (B)可使腎動脈之血管擴張(C)增加鈉離子

【評論內容】A)  selective D1 receptor agonist B)  arterial/arteriolar vasodilation (ie increases preload)C)   promotes sodium excretion via specific dopamine receptors along thenephron.D)   vasodilation increases blood flow to kidneys

【評論主題】9 一藥物含鹼性氨(pKa=9.0),在 pH 7.0 時其離子化百分比約為:(A) 25% (B) 50% (C) 75% (D)近於 100%

【評論內容】

If pKa - pH = 0.5, then the solution is 75% ionized/ 25% unionized or75% unionized/ 25% ionized

 

If pKa - pH > 1 then the solution is 99-100% ionized or 99-100% unionized*

【評論主題】29 Eutectics 可應用於增進下列何者?(A)溶解 (B)安定性 (C)化學反應速率 (D)滲透壓

【評論內容】eu=easy, te.....看完整詳解

【評論主題】64 下列何種類固醇藥膏最適合嬰幼兒使用?(A) Triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream (B) Fluocinonide 0.05% cream(C) Clobetas

【評論內容】potency: Clobetasol 0.05%>fluocinonide 0.05%> betamethasone 0.05% > triamcinolone 0.1%

【評論主題】4 行政院衛生署疾病管制局所推動的都治(DOTS)計畫,係針對下列那一種疾病所設計的直接觀察治療計畫?(A)腸病毒 (B)肺結核 (C)愛滋病 (D)禽流感

【評論內容】世界衛生組織強力推薦每一位結核病個案均應實施「都治計畫」(Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course, DOTS),藉由經過訓練並且客觀的觀察員(非家屬擔任)執行「送藥到手、服藥入口、吞下再走」,每週至少執行5日(含)以上之關懷服藥,關懷結核病個案服藥治療過程,確保每一個病人規則服下每一顆藥,有效降低個案失落率,提高防治績效,減少抗藥性結核病人的產生。

【評論主題】3 下列指示劑中,何者不適合於滴定弱鹼時使用?(A) Bromocresol purple (B) Bromophenol blue (C) Bromothymol blue (D) Phenolph

【評論內容】Phenolphthaleinbelow pH 8.2betweenpH 10.0 and 13.0colorlessfuchsia

【評論主題】49 帕金森氏症治療藥物 Selegiline 之藥理分類為何?(A) Dopamine agonist(B) Anticholinergic agent(C) Catechol-O-methyltr

【評論內容】Dopamine agonist:  bromocriptine pergolide pramipexole cabergoline                               aripiprizole

【評論主題】30 在氣相層析中 Van Deemter equation 可寫為 H=A+(B/u)+Cu,則下列各因素之敘述,何者錯誤?(A) H 的大小與管柱的分離效率有關 (B) A 是有關漩渦擴散(edd

【評論內容】A, B, C為常數,u表示流動相的流速。A項反映的是被分析物在填充柱中可能採取不同的路徑,因而經過的路程也不一樣長,引起色譜峰的展寬,這就是「多路徑效應」。在毛細管開管柱中不存.....看完整詳解

【評論主題】14.下列何種鍵結可在紅外線光譜的3200~3500 cm-1區間產生吸收訊號?(A)C–O(B)C=O(C)C≡N(D)O–H

【評論內容】3700-2500   C-H      O-H  N-H   S-H                   (3000)    .....看完整詳解

【評論主題】4 某藥廠生產含麻黃素(ephedrine)及可待因(codeine)之複方液劑,每 100 毫升中含有可待因 2.0 公克,則該複方液劑應屬第幾級管制藥品?(A)二 (B)三(C)四 (D)屬指示用

【評論內容】含可待因製劑因濃度不同,分別列屬第二級至第四級管制藥品及非管制藥品,其中可待因含量每100毫升(或100公克)5.0公克以上屬第二級管制藥品;可待因含量每100毫升(或100公克)1.0公克以上,未滿5.0公克屬第三級管制藥品;可待因內服液(含糖漿劑)含量每100毫升(或100公克)未滿1.0公克之醫師處方用藥屬第四級管制藥品;餘含可待因製劑非屬管制藥品。醫師使用第一級至第三級管制藥品須依管制藥品.....看完整詳解

【評論主題】4 某藥廠生產含麻黃素(ephedrine)及可待因(codeine)之複方液劑,每 100 毫升中含有可待因 2.0 公克,則該複方液劑應屬第幾級管制藥品?(A)二 (B)三(C)四 (D)屬指示用

【評論內容】含可待因製劑因濃度不同,分別列屬第二級至第四級管制藥品及非管制藥品,其中可待因含量每100毫升(或100公克)5.0公克以上屬第二級管制藥品;可待因含量每100毫升(或100公克)1.0公克以上,未滿5.0公克屬第三級管制藥品;可待因內服液(含糖漿劑)含量每100毫升(或100公克)未滿1.0公克之醫師處方用藥屬第四級管制藥品;餘含可待因製劑非屬管制藥品。醫師使用第一級至第三級管制藥品須依管制藥品.....看完整詳解

【評論主題】73 下列有關Gel filtration 及Gel permeation 二種層析法之敘述何者錯誤?(A) Agarose 為Gel filtration 之固定相之一 (B) Gel filtra

【評論內容】gel filtration: stationery phase = soft gel, eg dextran, agarose, polyacrylamide                     mobile phase = aqueous solution (polar)

【評論主題】73 下列有關Gel filtration 及Gel permeation 二種層析法之敘述何者錯誤?(A) Agarose 為Gel filtration 之固定相之一 (B) Gel filtra

【評論內容】gel filtration: stationery phase = soft gel, eg dextran, agarose, polyacrylamide                     mobile phase = aqueous solution (polar)

【評論主題】73 下列有關Gel filtration 及Gel permeation 二種層析法之敘述何者錯誤?(A) Agarose 為Gel filtration 之固定相之一 (B) Gel filtra

【評論內容】gel filtration: stationery phase = soft gel, eg dextran, agarose, polyacrylamide                     mobile phase = aqueous solution (polar)

【評論主題】29 鴉片類止痛劑 Meperidine,具有何種骨架?(A) Benzomorphans (B) Anilidopiperidines (C) Diphenylheptanone (D) 4-Phe

【評論內容】Pethidine (INN, AAN, BAN) or meperidine (USAN) is a once popular synthetic opioid analgesic of the phenylpiperidineclass

【評論主題】21 Noyes-Whitney若為  ,則下列何者錯誤?(A)dC/dt為溶離速率 (B)k D為溶離速率常數(C)C S是藥物在溶媒中的濃度 (D)A是面積

【評論內容】dC/dt= rate of mass transfer / rate of dissolution       Kd = diffusion coefficient        A = surface area of solute particles       Cs = concentration of solute particles at the boundary layer        C = concentration of solute particles in the bulk of the solvent

【評論主題】34 某 45 歲女性病患其理想體重為 50 公斤,血清肌酐酸濃度測定值為 2.4 mg/dL。其肌酐酸清除率(請用Cockroft-Gault equation 計算)約為多少(mL/min)?(A

【評論內容】

Cockcroft-Gault CrCl = (140-age) * (Wt in kg) * (0.85 if female) / (72 * Cr)

Ideal Body Weight (IBW), Men (Devine) = 50 + (2.3 * (Height in inches - 60) )

Ideal Body Weight (IBW), Women (Devine) = 45.5 + (2.3 * (Height in inches - 60) )

Adjusted Body Weight (ABW) = IBW + 0.4 * (TBW - IBW) where 0.4 is a correction factor, and TBW is total (actual) body weight

【評論主題】2 根據法定溶解度表示法,如果溶解一份溶質需要10~30 份的溶媒,則表示該藥物之溶解度是屬於下列那一項?(A)易溶(freely soluble)(B)可溶(soluble)(C)略溶(sparin

【評論內容】

Solubility Definitions

DescriptionApprox Volume (ml) of Solvent Needed to Dissolve 1g of SoluteVery Soluble (極易溶)Less than 1Freely Soluble (易溶)1 to 10Soluble(可溶)10 to 30Sparingly Soluble (略溶)30 to 100Slightly Soluble (微溶)100 to 1000Very Slightly Soluble (極微溶)1000 to 10,000Practically Insoluble(幾不溶)Greater than 10,000

【評論主題】57 下列那一項藥品屬於 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor?(A)Glipizide(B)Acarbose(C)Repaglinide(D)Metformin

【評論內容】A) sulphonylurea. blocking potassium channel in beta cell and increases insulin release.C) meglitinide. potassium channel blocker

【評論主題】18 下列有關 amiodarone 之敘述何者為非?(A)是廣效性之抗心律不整藥物(B)對鈉離子、鉀離子及鈣離子孔道皆具抑制作用(C)可能引起致命性的肺纖維化 (D)與毛地黃合用時,會減少毛地黃之

【評論內容】Amiodarone may decrease the clearance of digoxin, resulting in prolonged digoxin activity. There may also be an additive effect on the sinus node of the heart.

【評論主題】74 下列有關澱粉指示劑的敘述,何者錯誤?(A)澱粉粒於熱水中崩解,而形成β-amylose 的膠狀溶液(B)於酒精溶液下其靈敏度最大(C)在碘定分析(iodometry)過程,不宜太早將之加入(D)

【評論內容】澱粉指示劑在微酸溶媒中,敏感度較大在下列條件下敏感度會降低:溫度太高、強電解質溶液、乙醇、其他有機溶媒

【評論主題】37 下列那一種受體被活化後,最可能經由GTP-binding proteins 產生藥理作用?(A)Glucocorticoid receptor(B)Nicotinic acetylcholine

【評論內容】glucocorticoid receptor= steroid-receptor complex bind to DNA = regulation of gene transcriptionnicotinic acetylcholine receptor = ligand-gated ion channel

【評論主題】46 Amiodarone 為抗心律不整的藥品,有關其敘述,何者錯誤?(A)口服的起始作用(Onset)約為6 小時(B)半衰期約為15-100 天(C)可以延長心房與心室纖維的不反應期(D)可能造成

【評論內容】Oral amiodarone is markedly lipophilic, resulting in a very large volume of distribution (average about 66 L/kg) and a prolonged time to reach stable plasma levels [1]. It is incompletely absorbed (approximately 30 to 70 percent) after oral administration and is taken up very extensively by tissue, with marked interindividual variation [2]. Estimates of the elimination half-life of amiodarone vary, depending on how the half-life has been measured and the route of amiodarone administration. The relatively short half-life for disappearance of amiodarone from plasma after a single-dose or short...

【評論主題】77.下列藥物之一般療效濃度範圍(therapeutic range)何者正確?(A)Digoxin 1~2 mg/mL(B)Theophylline 10~20 μg/mL(C)Phenytoin

【評論內容】Digoxin: 0.8 to 2.0 ng/mLPhenytoin: 10 to 20 mcg/mLGentamicin: 5 to 10 mcg/mL

【評論主題】3 管制藥品管理條例第三條所稱「管制藥品」與毒品危害防制條例第二條所稱「毒品」之分級及品項,下列何者正確?(A)管制藥品之分級及品項由行政院衛生署核定公告(B)管制藥品與毒品均分四級管理(C)毒品之分

【評論內容】    毒品管制之主政機關為法務部(檢察司),毒品之分級及品項,由法務部會同行政院衛生署組成 審議委員會(稱為毒品審議委員會,93.1.9成立),每三個月定期檢討,報由行政院公告調整、增減之。 管制藥品的主政機關為行政院衛生署(管制藥品管理局),管制藥品之分級及品項,由中央衛生 主管機關設置管制藥品審議委員會(87.11.1 成立)審議後,報請行政院核定公告之。

【評論主題】24.評估冠狀動脈血液灌流(coronary perfusion)之藥理性壓力測試(pharmacologic stress testing)不會使用下列何項藥品?(A)Dobutamine(B)Ni

【評論內容】

Adenosine, dipyridamole (Persantine), and dobutamine are the most widely available pharmacologic agents for stress testing. Regadenoson, an adenosine analog, has a longer half-life than adenosine, and therefore a bolus versus continuous administration.

Adenosine, dipyridamole, and regadenosine are cardiac vasodilators. They dilate coronary vessels, which causes increased blood velocity and flow rate in normal vessels and less of a response in stenotic vessels. This difference in response leads to a steal of flow, and perfusion defects appear in cardiac nuclear scans or as ST-segment changes.

Dob...