【評論主題】79.王先生67歲，75公斤，無藥物過敏史，口服藥慢性處方箋如下：metformin 500 mg BID；omeprazole 20 mgQD；atorvastatin 20 mg QD；amlod
【評論內容】MetformineGFR &l☆;30 ☆☆/☆☆☆☆☆☆/...
【評論主題】79.王先生67歲，75公斤，無藥物過敏史，口服藥慢性處方箋如下：metformin 500 mg BID；omeprazole 20 mgQD；atorvastatin 20 mg QD；amlod
【評論內容】ledipasvir 90 mg/sofosbuvir 400 mg（Harvoni®）Ledipasvir inhibits HCV NS5A proteinsofosbuvir inhibits NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase慢性C型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus, HCV）基因型1、4、5或6
【評論主題】53.下列何者是soft mist inhaler（SMI）劑型？(A)Ultibro® Breezhaler®（glycopyrrolate＋indacaterol） (B)Anoro® Ellip
【評論內容】
Bevespi® Aerosphere®Anoro® Ellipta®
【評論主題】40.王先生67歲，有胃食道逆流（GERD）。下列他的長期口服用藥中，何者最不可能造成或惡化GERD？(A)nifedipine sustained release tab 30 mg QD (B)i
【評論內容】
下食道括約肌 (lower esophageal sphincter, LES) ref: 台中慈濟藥訊 2019 年08月號 https://taichung.tzuchi.com.tw/archive/news/item/%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB/Drug_201908.pdf
【評論主題】17.有關淋巴瘤（lymphoma）之敘述，下列何者正確？(A)淋巴瘤可分為Hodgkin lymphoma與non-Hodgkin lymphoma，其中以前者占大宗 (B)少數淋巴瘤的發生與病毒感
【評論內容】ref: Hodgkin’s Vs Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma BY Medicosis Perfectionalishttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4TMFYKgNeU
【評論主題】5.高效能抗愛滋病毒治療（highly active antiretroviral therapy, HAART），組合至少三種抗愛滋病毒藥品，下列組合何者最適當？〔註：NNRTI：non-nucle
【評論內容】ref: 美國DHHS抗愛滋病毒治療準則 2020
【評論主題】12.欲將350 mL 95%（w/v）ethanol 稀釋成濃度為70%（w/v）溶液，應加水至多少mL？(A)625 (B)475 (C)500 (D)750
【評論內容】300x0.95=?x0.7 ?=475★★★★★★★★...
【評論主題】60.Lamotrigine與下列那一個藥品併用時，會增加lamotrigine的抗癲癇作用？(A)Carbamazepine(B)Valproic acid(C)Phenytoin(D)Phenob
【評論內容】valproate抑制glucuronidation(即lamotrigine代謝)兩者併用尚須注意rash
【評論主題】68.病人接受sertraline治療創傷後壓力症（post-traumatic stress disorder），評估其療效的最佳時機為何？(A)連續使用8~12週後(B)連續使用1~2週後(C)連
【評論內容】sertralinePosttraumatic stress disorderInitial, 25 mg/day orally as a single dose in the morning or the evening; may increase by 25 to 50 mg/day at intervals of at least 1 week to MAX 200 mg/dayref: micromedex
【評論主題】58.朱小弟體重15 kg，醫師處方digoxin elixir 0.05 mg/mL，10 μg/kg PO Q2D。下列用法標示何者正確？(A)每天一次，每次7.5 mL，口服(B)每隔天一次，每
【評論內容】
體重15 kg，處方digoxin ☆☆☆☆☆☆ 0.05...
【評論主題】6.下列何者不是plastic containers之添加劑？(A)resins(B)stabilizers(C)lubricants(D)static agents
【評論內容】ref: Pharmaceutical Practice
【評論主題】50.有關甲狀腺風暴（thyroid storm）的治療，下列何者正確？(A)須先給與iodide，至少一小時後再使用thioamides(B)須使用高劑量注射劑型的thioamides(C)類固醇會
【評論內容】●A beta blocker to control the symptoms and signs induced by increased adrenergic tone●A thionamide to block new hormone synthesis●An iodine solution to block the release of thyroid hormone●An iodinated radiocontrast agent (if available) to inhibit the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3●Glucocorticoids to reduce T4-to-T3 conversion, promote vasomotor stability, possibly reduce the autoimmune process in Graves' disease, and possibly treat an associated relative adrenal insufficiency●Bile acid sequestrants may also be of benefit in severe cases to decrease enterohepatic recycling of thyroid...
【評論主題】36.有關carbamazepine之敘述，下列何者正確？(A)不會造成視覺異常（visual disturbance）(B)亞洲人初次使用前，建議檢查HLA-B*1052基因型(C)不經過肝臟代謝(
【評論內容】HLA-A*3101 has been identified as potential risk factor for SJS/TEN, DRESS and maculopapular eruption induced by carbamazepine in European, Japanese, and Korean patientsHLA-B*1502 allele increases risk of SJS/TEN in South-East Asian populationsref: uptodate
【評論主題】31.有關下列4種neurokinin 1（NK1）receptor antagonists特性之敘述，下列何者正確？①aprepitant②fosaprepitant ③netupitant ④ro
【評論內容】ref: Recent Advances in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and VomitingAugust 16, 2016Syed Sameer Nasir, MD, Lee S. Schwartzberg, MD
【評論主題】65 Azathioprine 與 allopurinol 的藥品交互作用之成因係共用下列何種酵素？(A) Hypoxantine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase（
【評論內容】The concomitant administration of allopurinol and azathioprine or mercaptopurine requires a dose reduction to one-third to one-fourth of the usual dose of the thiopurine because concomitant administration could increase plasma concentrations of these thiopurines, resulting in severe toxicity.reference: uptodate
【評論主題】47 下列何者非 generalized tonic-clonic seizures 的第一線用藥？(A) Carbamazepine (B) Clonazepam (C) Phenytoin (D)
【評論內容】
部份發作 (Partial seizure) A. 單純部份發作 (simple partial seizure) 1. 運動徵候(motor symptom) 2. 感覺徵候(somatosensory symptom) 3. 特殊感覺徵候(special sensory symptom) 4. 自律神經徵候 (autonomic symptom) 5. 精神徵候 (psychic symptom) B. 複雜部份發作 (complex partial seizure) C.部份發作繼發全面發作(partialseizure with 2nd generalization)
全面發作 (Generalized seizure) A. 失神發作 (absence seizure) B. 肌陣攣發作 (myoclonic seizure) C. 強直發作 (tonic seizure) D. 陣攣發作 (clonic seizu...
【評論主題】73.周女士61歲，無任何慢性疾病，一個月前發現乳房異常腫塊，粗針抽吸檢查結果顯示：left breast，infiltrating ductal carcinoma，ER/PR negative，H
【評論內容】Leuprolide機轉Leuprolide is an agonist of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Acting as a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion, leuprolide produces an initial increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which leads to a transient increase (5 to 12 days) in testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (in males) and estrone and estradione (in premenopausal females). Continuous leuprolide administration then results in suppression of ovarian and testicular steroidogenesis due to decreased levels of LH and FSH with subsequent decrease in testosterone (m...
【評論主題】72.劉小姐55歲，過去1年曾有4次痛風發作，其腎功能不佳（ClCr 20 mL/min），血中尿酸值8 mg/dL，目前無痛風症狀，且無其他病史及用藥，下列何者是控制其血中尿酸值的首選藥品？(A)A
【評論內容】Allopurinol痛風初始100mg QD, 每2~4周調整100mg以達到尿酸控制目標濃度, 通常維持劑量>300mg, 一日最高800mgeGFR >60無須調整劑量
【評論主題】46.下列何者是衛生署核准gabapentin的適應症？(A)糖尿病引起的週邊神經痛(B)3歲以上局部癲癇發作的輔助治療(C)躁鬱症的輔助治療(D)偏頭痛的預防
【評論內容】皰疹後神經痛ZAP藥物Strong recommendation First line:Gabapentin, Pregabalin, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine, TCAWeak recommendationSecond line:Capsaicin 8% patch, Lidocaine patch, TramadolThird line:Botulinum toxin A (SC), Strong opioidREF: Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: a systematic review andmeta-analysis
【評論主題】2.下列何者不是潛伏性結核感染（latent tuberculosis infection）建議治療處方？(A)9個月的isoniazid(B)3個月每週一次的isoniazid＋rifapentin
【評論內容】
ref: 結核病診治指引第七版 2022/3
【評論主題】74.有關phenytoin之敘述，下列何者錯誤？(A)albumin的濃度降低，會導致total phenytoin的血中濃度上升(B)phenytoin為弱酸性藥品，主要的結合蛋白為albumin
【評論內容】ref: Phenytoin (Dilantin) Correction Calculator - ClinCalc.com
【評論主題】57.70歲女性，155 cm，65 kg，serum creatinine 8.6 mg/dL。醫師處方：valacyclovir 1000 mg PO TID，診斷：Herpes zoster。下
【評論內容】ValacyclovirHerpes zoster 1 g TID for 7 daysCrCl ≥50 mL/minute >> No dosage adjustment necessary30 to <50 mL/minute >> 1 g Q1210 to <30 mL/minute >> 1 g QD<10 mL/minute >> 500 mg QD
Hemodialysis, intermittent (thrice weekly): Dialyzable (33% removed during 4-hour session).500 mg every 24 hours; give after dialysis when given on dialysis day
Peritoneal dialysis: 500 mg every 24 hours ref: uptodate
【評論主題】48.下列何者須每日皮下注射兩次？(A)exenatide（Byetta®）(B)liraglutide（Victoza®）(C)dulaglutide（Trulicity®）(D)albigluti
【評論內容】GLP1 agonist口服劑型 Semaglutide (瑞倍適錠3毫克，7毫克，14毫克 )每日於固定時間服用一次，口服空腹服用。 應搭配少量的水 (最多半杯，相當於 120 西西) 整顆吞服。錠劑不應應剝開、壓碎或咀嚼。 服藥後應等待至少 30 分鐘再進食、喝水或服用其他口服藥物。