二、閱讀測驗(6%):請選出適合題意的答案,每2分。
 Passage A        Polygamy in Africa has been a popular topic for social research over the pasthalf-century; it has been analyzed by many distinguished minds and in variouswell-publicized works. In 1961, when Remi Clignet published his book Many Wives,Many Powers, he was not alone in sharing the view that in Africa co-wives may beperceived as direct and indirect sources of increased income and prestige. For instance,some observers argued that polygamous marriages are more able than monogamousmarriages to produce many children, who can legitimately be seen as a form of wealthas well as of"this-world" immortality connected to the transmission of family names(as opposed to "other-world" immortality in an afterlife). Moreover, polygamy isrooted in and sanctioned by many ancient traditions, both cultural and religious;therefore, some assert that polygamy can provide a stabilizing function withinsocieties frequently under stress from both internal and external forces.        By the 1970s, such arguments had become crystallized and popular. Many otherAffican scholars who wrote on the subject became the new champions of thisphilosophy. For example, in 1983, John Mbiti proclaimed that polygamy is anaccepted and respectable institution serving many useful social purposes. Similarly, G.K. Nukunya, in his paper "Polygamy as a Symbol of Status," reiterated Mbiti's ideathat a plurality of wives is a legitimate sign of affluence and power in African society.        However, the colonial missionary voice provided consistent opposition topolygamy by viewing the practice as unethical and destructive of family life. Whilethe missionaries propagated this view citing the authority of the Bible, they wereconvinced that Africans had to be coerced into partaking in the vision of monogamyunderstood by the Western culture. The missionary viewpoint even included, in someinstances, dictating immediate divorce in the case of newly converted men who hadalready contracted polygamous marriages. Unfortunately, both the missionary voiceand the scholarly voice did not consider the views of African women important.Although there was some awareness that women regarded polygamy as both a curseand a blessing, the distanced, albeit scientific, perspective of an outside observerpredominated both on the pulpit and in scholarly writings.        Contemporary research in the social sciences has begun to focus on theprotagonist's voice in the study of culture, recognizing that the views and experiencesof those who take part in a given reality ought to receive close examination. Thisprivileging of the protagonist seems appropriate, particularly given that women inAfrica have often used literary productions, which feature protagonists and other"actors" undergoing ordeals and otherwise taking active part in real life, to commenton marriage, family, and gender relations.
【題組】1. Which of the following best describes the main purpose of the passage above?
(A) To discuss scholarly works that view polygamy as a sign of prestige, respect,and affluence in the African society
(B) To trace the origins of the missionary opposition to African polygamy
(C) To argue for imposing restrictions on polygamy in the African society
(D) To explore the reasons for women's acceptance of polygamy
(E) To discuss multiple perspectives on African polygamy and contrast themwith contemporary research